Anti-TDP2 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

This gene encodes a member of a superfamily of divalent cation-dependent phosphodiesterases. The encoded protein associates with CD40, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-75 and TNF receptor associated factors (TRAFs), and inhibits nuclear factor-kappa-B activation. This protein has sequence and structural similarities with APE1 endonuclease, which is involved in both DNA repair and the activation of transcription factors.

Widely expressed, with strongest expression in placenta (at protein level) . Secreted by synovial fibroblasts. Up- regulated in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluids and cartilage as compared with non-arthritic (at protein level) .

Serine protease with a variety of targets, including extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin. HTRA1-generated fibronectin fragments further induce synovial cells to up-regulate MMP1 and MMP3 production. May also degrade proteoglycans, such as aggrecan, decorin and fibromodulin. Through cleavage of proteoglycans, may release soluble FGF-glycosaminoglycan complexes that promote the range and intensity of FGF signals in the extracellular space. Regulates the availability of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) by cleaving IGF-binding proteins. Inhibits signaling mediated by TGF-beta family members. This activity requires the integrity of the catalytic site, although it is unclear whether TGF-beta proteins are themselves degraded. By acting on TGF-beta signaling, may regulate many physiological processes, including retinal angiogenesis and neuronal survival and maturation during development. Intracellularly, degrades TSC2, leading to the activation of TSC2 downstream targets.

1. Cortes Ledesma, F. C., El Khamisy, S. F., Zuma, M. C., Osborn, K., Caldecott, K. W. A human 5-prime-tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase that repairs topoisomerase-mediated DNA damage. Nature 461: 674-678, 2009. 2. Gomez-Herreros, F., Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, J. H. M., McCormack, M., Greally, M. T., Rulten, S., Romero-Granados, R., Counihan, T. J., Chaila, E., Conroy, J., Ennis, S., Delanty, N., Cortes-Ledesma, F., de Brouwer, A. P. M., Cavalleri, G. L., El-Khamisy, S. F., de Vries, B. B. A., Caldecott, K. W. TDP2 protects transcription from abortive topoisomerase activity and is required for normal neural function. Nature Genet. 46: 516-521, 2014. 3. Pype, S., Declercq, W., Ibrahimi, A., Michiels, C., Van Rietschoten, J. G. I., Dewulf, N., de Boer, M., Vandenabeele, P., Huylebroeck, D., Remacle, J. E. TTRAP, a novel protein that associates with CD40, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-75 and TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAFs), and that inhibits nuclear factor-kappa-B activation. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 18586-18593, 2000.