Anti-hnRNP L/HNRNPL Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPL gene. Heterogeneous nuclear RNAs (hnRNAs) which include mRNA precursors and mature mRNAs are associated with specific proteins to form heterogenous ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L is among the proteins that are stably associated with hnRNP complexes and along with other hnRNP proteins is likely to play a major role in the formation, packaging, processing, and function of mRNA. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L is present in the nucleoplasm as part of the HNRP complex. HNRP proteins have also been identified outside of the nucleoplasm. Exchange of hnRNP for mRNA-binding proteins accompanies transport of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Since HNRP proteins have been shown to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, it is possible that they also have cytoplasmic functions. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Detected in vascular smooth muscle and striated muscle. Detected in insulin-producing beta-cells in pancreas islets of Langerhans (at protein level) . Widely expressed. Weakly expressed in leukocytes and fetal thymus.

Splicing factor binding to exonic or intronic sites and acting as either an activator or repressor of exon inclusion. Exhibits a binding preference for CA-rich elements (PubMed:11809897, PubMed:22570490, PubMed:24164894, PubMed:25623890, PubMed:26051023) . Component of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) complexes and associated with most nascent transcripts (PubMed:2687284) . Associates, together with APEX1, to the negative calcium responsive element (nCaRE) B2 of the APEX2 promoter (PubMed:11809897) . .

1. Hamilton, B. J., Nichols, R. C., Tsukamoto, H., Boado, R. J., Pardridge, W. M., Rigby, W. F. C. hnRNP A2 and hnRNP L bind the 3-prime UTR of glucose transporter 1 mRNA and exist as a complex in vivo. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 261: 646-651, 1999. 2. Li, Z., Chao, T.-C., Chang, K.-Y., Lin, N., Patil, V. S., Shimizu, C., Head, S. R., Burns, J. C., Rana, T. M. The long noncoding RNA THRIL regulates TNF-alpha expression through its interaction with hnRNPL. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 111: 1002-1007, 2014. 3. Pinol-Roma, S., Swanson, M. S., Gall, J. G., Dreyfuss, G. A novel heterogeneous nuclear RNP protein with a unique distribution on nascent transcripts. J. Cell Biol. 109: 2575-2587, 1989.

Nucleus, nucleoplasm . Cytoplasm . Localized in cytoplasmic mRNP granules containing untranslated mRNAs. These granules are not identical with P bodies or stress granules. .