Anti-Dnmt1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

DNA (cytosine-5) -methyltransferase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DNMT1 gene. This gene encodes an enzyme that transfers methyl groups to cytosine nucleotides of genomic DNA. This protein is the major enzyme responsible for maintaining methylation patterns following DNA replication and shows a preference for hemi-methylated DNA. Methylation of DNA is an important component of mammalian epigenetic gene regulation. Aberrant methylation patterns are found in human tumors and associated with developmental abnormalities. Variation in this gene has been associated with cerebellar ataxia, deafness, and narcolepsy, and neuropathy, hereditary sensory, type IE. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

DNA (cytosine-5) -methyltransferase 1; Dnmt1; CXXC-type zinc finger protein 9; DNA methyltransferase HsaI; DNA MTase HsaI; M.HsaI; MCMT; DNMT1; AIM; CXXC9; DNMT

Ubiquitous; highly expressed in fetal tissues, heart, kidney, placenta, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and expressed at lower levels in spleen, lung, brain, small intestine, colon, liver, and skeletal muscle. Isoform 2 is less expressed than isoform 1.

Methylates CpG residues. Preferentially methylates hemimethylated DNA. Associates with DNA replication sites in S phase maintaining the methylation pattern in the newly synthesized strand, that is essential for epigenetic inheritance. Associates with chromatin during G2 and M phases to maintain DNA methylation independently of replication. It is responsible for maintaining methylation patterns established in development. DNA methylation is coordinated with methylation of histones. Mediates transcriptional repression by binding to HDAC2. In association with DNMT3B and via the recruitment of CTCFL/BORIS, involved in activation of BAG1 gene expression by modulating dimethylation of promoter histone H3 at H3K4 and H3K9. Probably forms a corepressor complex required for activated KRAS-mediated promoter hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) or other tumor-related genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (PubMed:24623306) . Also required to maintain a transcriptionally repressive state of genes in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (PubMed:24623306) . Associates at promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) leading to their gene silencing (PubMed:24623306) . Promotes tumor growth (PubMed:24623306) .

1. Bigey, P., Ramchandani, S., Theberge, J., Araujo, F. D., Szyf, M. Transcriptional regulation of the human DNA methyltransferase (dnmt1) gene. Gene 242: 407-418, 2000. 2. Chen, T., Hevi, S., Gay, F., Tsujimoto, N., He, T., Zhang, B., Ueda, Y., Li, E. Complete activation of DNMT1 leads to mitotic catastrophe in human cancer cells. Nature Genet. 39: 391-396, 2007.