Anti-HLA-DR/HLA-DRA Antibody Picoband® (monoclonal, 5B13F7) Fluoro488 Conjugated

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chainis aproteinthat in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRAgene. It is mapped to 6p21.32. HLA-DRA is one of the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and a beta chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages) . The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5.

Expressed in heart, brain, placenta, lung, liver, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon and peripheral blood leukocytes. Not expressed in the kidney.

DNA/RNA, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Nuclear Import/Export, Nuclear Receptors, Nuclear Signaling Pathways, Protein Trafficking, RNA Processing, Signal Transduction

Mediates the nuclear export of cellular proteins (cargos) bearing a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and of RNAs. In the nucleus, in association with RANBP3, binds cooperatively to the NES on its target protein and to the GTPase RAN in its active GTP-bound form (Ran-GTP) . Docking of this complex to the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is mediated through binding to nucleoporins. Upon transit of a nuclear export complex into the cytoplasm, disassembling of the complex and hydrolysis of Ran-GTP to Ran-GDP (induced by RANBP1 and RANGAP1, respectively) cause release of the cargo from the export receptor. The ionality of nuclear export is thought to be conferred by an asymmetric distribution of the GTP- and GDP-bound forms of Ran between the cytoplasm and nucleus. Involved in U3 snoRNA transport from Cajal bodies to nucleoli. Binds to late precursor U3 snoRNA bearing a TMG cap. Several viruses, among them HIV-1, HTLV-1 and influenza A use it to export their unspliced or incompletely spliced RNAs out of the nucleus. Interacts with, and mediates the nuclear export of HIV-1 Rev and HTLV-1 Rex proteins. Involved in HTLV-1 Rex multimerization.

1. Tjernlund U, Scheynius A, Johansson C, et al. (1989) . T-cell response to purified protein derivative after removal of Langerhans' cells from epidermal cell suspensions containing keratinocytes expressing class II transplantation antigens. Scand. J. Immunol. 28 (6) : 667–73. 2. Chelladurai, M., Honn, K. V., Walz, D. A. HLA-DR is a procoagulant. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 178: 467-473, 1991. 3. Das, H. K., Lawrance, S. K., Weissman, S. M. Structure and nucleotide sequence of the heavy chain gene of HLA-DR. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 80: 3543-3547, 1983.

Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleoplasm. Nucleus, Cajal body. Nucleus, nucleolus. Located in the nucleoplasm, Cajal bodies and nucleoli. Shuttles between the nucleus/nucleolus and the cytoplasm.