Anti-TLR9 Antibody Picoband®

Toll-like receptor 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TLR9 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. Studies in mice and human indicate that this receptor mediates cellular response to unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in bacterial DNA to mount an innate immune response.

Expressed at high level in placenta and pancreas. Also detected in CD11c+ immature dendritic cells. Only expressed in dendritic cells and not in other leukocytes, including monocyte precursors. TLR3 is the TLR that is expressed most strongly in the brain, especially in astrocytes, glia, and neurons.

Antiviral Signaling, Chemokines, Host-Virus Interaction, Immune System Diseases, Immunoglobulins, Immunology, Innate Immunity, Interspecies Interaction, Macrophage/Inflammation, Microbiology, NFKB Pathway, Nuclear Signaling, Receptors, Signal Transduction, Signaling Pathway, TLR Signaling

Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR3 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by double-stranded RNA, a sign of viral infection. Acts via the adapter TRIF/TICAM1, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, IRF3 nuclear translocation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response.

1. Asagiri, M., Hirai, T., Kunigami, T., Kamano, S., Gober, H.-J., Okamoto, K., Nishikawa, K., Latz, E., Golenbock, D. T., Aoki, K., Ohya, K., Imai, Y., Morishita, Y., Miyazono, K., Kato, S., Saftig, P., Takayanagi, H. Cathepsin K-dependent Toll-like receptor 9 signaling revealed in experimental arthritis. Science 319: 624-627, 2008. 2. Babiuk, S., Mookherjee, N., Pontarollo, R., Griebel, P., van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk, S., Hecker, R., Babiuk, L. TLR9-/- and TLR9+/+ mice display similar immune responses to a DNA vaccine. Immunology 113: 114-120, 2004. 3. Baumann, C. L., Aspalter, I. M., Sharif, O., Pichlmair, A., Bluml, S., Grebien, F., Bruckner, M., Pasierbek, P., Aumayr, K., Planyavsky, M., Bennett, K. L., Colinge, J., Knapp, S., Superti-Furga, G. CD14 is a coreceptor of Toll-like receptors 7 and 9. J. Exp. Med. 207: 2689-2701, 2010.

At -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing.