Anti-ENPP1/PC1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 1 (PC-1, CD203a) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ENPP1 gene. This gene is a member of the ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase (ENPP) family. The encoded protein is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein comprising two identical disulfide-bonded subunits. This protein has broad specificity and cleaves a variety of substrates, including phosphodiester bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars and pyrophosphate bonds of nucleotides and nucleotide sugars. This protein may function to hydrolyze nucleoside 5' triphosphates to their corresponding monophosphates and may also hydrolyze diadenosine polyphosphates. Mutations in this gene have been associated with 'idiopathic' infantile arterial calcification, ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spine (OPLL), and insulin resistance.

Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are detected in bone marrow cells, spermatogonia and spermatocytes, but not in round spermatids, elongating spermatids and spermatozoa. Isoform 3 is detected in round spermatids, elongating spermatids and spermatozoa, but not in spermatogonia and spermatocytes (at protein level) . Isoform 1 is widely expressed and detected in fetal liver and bone marrow. Isoform 3 is detected in bone marrow cells enriched in hematopoietic stem cells.

G-protein coupled receptor for glutamate. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors. Signaling activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system and generates a calcium-activated chloride current. Plays an important role in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and the modulation of the neural network activity.

1. Abate, N., Carulli, L., Cabo-Chan, Jr., A., Chandalia, M., Snell, P. G., Grundy, S. M. Genetic polymorphism PC-1 K121Q and ethnic susceptibility to insulin resistance. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 88: 5927-5934, 2003. 2. Bottcher, Y., Korner, A., Reinehr, T., Enigk, B., Kiess, W., Stumvoll, M., Kovacs, P. ENPP1 variants and haplotypes predispose to early onset obesity and impaired glucose and insulin metabolism in German obese children. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 91: 4948-4952, 2006. 3. Buckley, M. F., Goding, J. W. Plasma cell membrane glycoprotein gene Pca-1 (alkaline phosphodiesterase I) is linked to the proto-oncogene Myb on mouse chromosome 10. Immunogenetics 36: 199-201, 1992.