Anti-ATG4B Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Cysteine protease ATG4B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ATG4B gene. Autophagy is the process by which endogenous proteins and damaged organelles are destroyed intracellularly. Autophagy is postulated to be essential for cell homeostasis and cell remodeling during differentiation, metamorphosis, non-apoptotic cell death, and aging. Reduced levels of autophagy have been described in some malignant tumors, and a role for autophagy in controlling the unregulated cell growth linked to cancer has been proposed. This gene encodes a member of the autophagin protein family. The encoded protein is also designated as a member of the C-54 family of cysteine proteases. Alternate transcriptional splice variants, encoding different isoforms, have been characterized.

Highly expressed in the liver, kidney and testis. Isoform 2 and isoform 3 are expressed specifically in testis and fetal liver, but not in the adult liver.

1. Agrotis, A., Pengo, N., Burden, J. J., Ketteler, R. Redundancy of human ATG4 protease isoforms in autophagy and LC3/GABARAP processing revealed in cells. Autophagy 15: 976-997, 2019. 2. Gross, M. B. Personal Communication. Baltimore, Md. 4/8/2019. 3. Hemelaar, J., Lelyveld, V. S., Kessler, B. M., Ploegh, H. L. A single protease, Apg4B, is specific for the autophagy-related ubiquitin-like proteins GATE-16, MAP1-LC3, GABARAP, and Apg8L. J. Biol. Chem. 278: 51841-51850, 2003.

Mitochondrion outer membrane; In sperm and fetal tissues, the majority of the enzyme is bound to mitochondria, but in adult tissues, such as liver found in the cytoplasm.