Anti-Presenilin 1/PS-1/PSEN1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Presenilin-1 (PS-1) is a presenilin protein that in humans is encoded by the PSEN1 gene. Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with an inherited form of the disease carry mutations in the presenilin proteins (PSEN1; PSEN2) or in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) . These disease-linked mutations result in increased production of the longer form of amyloid-beta (main component of amyloid deposits found in AD brains) . Presenilins are postulated to regulate APP processing through their effects on gamma-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves APP. Also, it is thought that the presenilins are involved in the cleavage of the Notch receptor, such that they either ly regulate gamma-secretase activity or themselves are protease enzymes. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene, the full-length nature of only some have been determined.

Detected on peritoneal macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:8612135) . Cell surface expression detected in lung alveolar macrophages, dendritic macrophages and lung macrophages (at protein level) (PubMed:19362712) .

Coreceptor for bacterial lipopolysaccharide. In concert with LBP, binds to monomeric lipopolysaccharide and delivers it to the LY96/TLR4 complex, thereby mediating the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed:16148141) . Acts via MyD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (PubMed:8612135, PubMed:15895089) . Acts as a coreceptor for TLR2:TLR6 heterodimer in response to diacylated lipopeptides and for TLR2:TLR1 heterodimer in response to triacylated lipopeptides, these clusters trigger signaling from the cell surface and subsequently are targeted to the Golgi in a lipid-raft dependent pathway (By similarity) . Acts as an accessory receptor for M.tuberculosis lipoproteins LprA, LprG and LpqH, in conjunction with coreceptors TLR2 and TLR1. The lipoproteins act as agonists to modulate antigen presenting cell functions in response to the pathogen (PubMed:19362712) . Binds electronegative LDL (LDL (-) ) and mediates the cytokine release induced by LDL (-) (By similarity) .

1. Alzheimer's Disease Collaborative Group. The structure of the presenilin 1 (S182) gene and identification of six novel mutations in early onset AD families. Nature Genet. 11: 219-222, 1995. 2. Arboleda-Velasquez, J. F., Lopera, F., O'Hare, M., Delgado-Tirado, S., Marino, C., Chmielewska, N., Saez-Torres, K. L., Amarnani, D., Schultz, A. P., Sperling, R. A., Leyton-Cifuentes, D., Chen, K., and 32 others. Resistance to autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease in an APOE3 Christchurch homozygote: a case report. Nature Med. 25: 1680-1683, 2019. 3. Ataka, S., Tomiyama, T., Takuma, H., Yamashita, T., Shimada, H., Tsutada, T., Kawabata, K., Mori, H., Miki, T. A novel presenilin-1 mutation (leu85pro) in early-onset Alzheimer disease with spastic paraparesis. Arch. Neurol. 61: 1773-1776, 2004.