Anti-KPNB1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Importin subunit beta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KPNB1 gene. Nucleocytoplasmic transport, a signal- and energy-dependent process, takes place through nuclear pore complexes embedded in the nuclear envelope. The import of proteins containing a nuclear localization signal (NLS) requires the NLS import receptor, a heterodimer of importin alpha and beta subunits also known as karyopherins. Importin alpha binds the NLS-containing cargo in the cytoplasm and importin beta docks the complex at the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear pore complex. In the presence of nucleoside triphosphates and the small GTP binding protein Ran, the complex moves into the nuclear pore complex and the importin subunits dissociate. Importin alpha enters the nucleoplasm with its passenger protein and importin beta remains at the pore. Interactions between importin beta and the FG repeats of nucleoporins are essential in translocation through the pore complex. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the importin beta family. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Angiogenesis, Cardiovascular, Developmental Biology, Germ Cell Markers, Germline Stem Cells, Growth Factors, Growth Factors/Hormones, Reproduction, Secreted, Signal Transduction, Signaling Pathways, Stem Cells, TGF Beta

May be involved in follicular development. Oocyte-specific growth/differentiation factor that stimulates folliculogenesis and granulosa cell (GC) growth. The mature protein migrates in two distinct mature proteins, P16 (16KDa) and P17 (17KDa) . Ovarian physiology and fertility are controlled by endocrine and paracrine signals. These act in a species-dependent manner and determine the ovulation quota in different mammalian species. While humans, and mammals such as the cow or red deer, normally ovulate only one egg per cycle, other mammals such as mouse and pig can ovulate in excess of ten per cycle. The mechanisms that regulate the species-specific differences in the number of follicles that go onto ovulate during each reproductive cycle are poorly understood. According to PubMed:21970812, mRNA expression levels of GDF9 and BMP15 are tightly coregulated within each species and influence species-specific ovulation-rates.

1. Ayala-Madrigal, M. L., Doerr, S., Ramirez-Duenas, M. L., Hansmann, I. Assignment of KPNA4 and KPNB1 encoding karyopherin alpha 4 and beta 1 to human chromosome bands 11q22 and 17q21 respectively, by in situ hybridization. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 89: 258-259, 2000. 2. Bayliss, R., Littlewood, T., Stewart, M. Structural basis for the interaction between FxFG nucleoporin repeats and importin-beta in nuclear trafficking. Cell 102: 99-108, 2000. 3. Caudron, M., Bunt, G., Bastiaens, P., Karsenti, E. Spatial coordination of spindle assembly by chromosome-mediated signaling gradients. Science 309: 1373-1376, 2005.