Anti-XRN2 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

5'-3' Exoribonuclease 2 (XRN2) also known as Dhm1-like protein is an exoribonuclease enzyme that in humans is encoded by the XRN2 gene. This gene encodes a 5'-3' exonuclease that promotes transcription termination at cotranscriptional cleavage sites. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Isoform 2 is undetectable whereas isoform 1 is strongly expressed in cancer cells (at protein level) . Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are widely expressed, including heart, brain, lung, pancreas, skeletal muscle, kidney, placenta and liver. .

Co-Activators/Co-Repressors, DNA/RNA, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Nuclear Receptors, Nuclear Signaling Pathways, Ribosome, RNA Processing, Transcription, Translation

May play a role in a ERBB3-regulated signal transduction pathway. Seems be involved in growth regulation. Acts a corepressor of the androgen receptor (AR) and is regulated by the ERBB3 ligand neuregulin-1/heregulin (HRG) . Inhibits transcription of some E2F1-regulated promoters, probably by recruiting histone acetylase (HAT) activity. Binds RNA. Associates with 28S, 18S and 5.8S mature rRNAs, several rRNA precursors and probably U3 small nucleolar RNA. May be involved in regulation of intermediate and late steps of rRNA processing. May be involved in ribosome assembly. Mediates cap-independent translation of specific viral IRESs (internal ribosomal entry site) (By similarity) . Regulates cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Isoform 1 suppresses apoptosis whereas isoform 2 promotes cell differentiation (By similarity) . .

1. Chatterjee, S., Grosshans, H. Active turnover modulates mature microRNA activity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 461: 546-549, 2009. 2. Shobuike, T., Sugano, S., Yamashita, T., Ikeda, H. Characterization of cDNA encoding mouse homolog of fission yeast dhp1+ gene: structural and functional conservation. Nucleic Acids Res. 23: 357-361, 1995. 3. West, S., Gromak, N., Proudfoot, N. J. Human 5-prime to 3-prime exonuclease Xrn2 promotes transcription termination at co-transcriptional cleavage sites. Nature 432: 522-525, 2004.

Isoform 1: Cytoplasm . Nucleus, nucleolus . Tranlocates to the nucleus upon treatment with HRG. Phosphorylation at Ser-361 by PKC/PRKCD regulates its nucleolar localization. .