Anti-Fibrinogen beta chain/FGB Antibody Picoband® (monoclonal, 6D12) Fluoro647 Conjugated

Fibrinogen beta chain, mapped to 4q31.3, is also known asFGB. The protein encoded by this gene is the beta component of fibrinogen, a blood-borne glycoprotein comprised of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains. Following vascular injury, fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form fibrin which is the most abundant component of blood clots. In addition, various cleavage products of fibrinogen and fibrin regulate cell adhesion and spreading, display vasoconstrictor and chemotactic activities, and are mitogens for several cell types. Mutations in this gene lead to several disorders, including afibrinogenemia, dysfibrinogenemia, hypodysfibrinogenemia and thrombotic tendency. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Bis (5'-adenosyl) -triphosphatase; AP3A hydrolase; AP3Aase; Diadenosine 5',5'''-P1, P3-triphosphate hydrolase; Dinucleosidetriphosphatase; Fragile histidine triad protein; FHIT

A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence in the middle region of human FGB, different from the related mouse sequence by three amino acids, and from the related rat sequence by five amino acids.

Low levels expressed in all tissues tested. Phospho-FHIT observed in liver and kidney, but not in brain and lung. Phospho-FHIT undetected in all tested human tumor cell lines.

Cleaves P (1) -P (3) -bis (5'-adenosyl) triphosphate (Ap3A) to yield AMP and ADP. Can also hydrolyze P (1) -P (4) -bis (5'- adenosyl) tetraphosphate (Ap4A), but has extremely low activity with ATP. Modulates transcriptional activation by CTNNB1 and thereby contributes to regulate the expression of genes essential for cell proliferation and survival, such as CCND1 and BIRC5. Plays a role in the induction of apoptosis via SRC and AKT1 signaling pathways. Inhibits MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53/TP53 and thereby plays a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis depends on the ability of FHIT to bind P (1) -P (3) -bis (5'-adenosyl) triphosphate or related compounds, but does not require its catalytic activity, it may in part come from the mitochondrial form, which sensitizes the low- affinity Ca (2+) transporters, enhancing mitochondrial calcium uptake. Functions as tumor suppressor.

1. Entrez Gene: FGB fibrinogen beta chain. 2. Chung, D. W., Que, B. G., Rixon, M. W., Mace, M., Jr., Davie, E. W. Characterization of complementary deoxyribonucleic acid and genomic deoxyribonucleic acid for the beta chain of human fibrinogen. Biochemistry 22: 3244-3250, 1983. 3. Spena, S., Duga, S., Asselta, R., Malcovati, M., Peyvandi, F., Tenchini, M. L. Congenital afibrinogenemia: first identification of splicing mutations in the fibrinogen B-beta-chain gene causing activation of cryptic splice sites. Blood 100: 4478-4484, 2002.