Anti-CARD4/NOD1 Antibody Picoband®

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1, also known as CARD4, is a protein receptor that in humans is encoded by the NOD1 gene. NOD1 is a member of NOD-like receptor protein family and is a close relative of NOD2. NOD1 is mapped to 7p14.3. It recognizes bacterial molecules and stimulates an immune reaction. NOD1 protein contains a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) . This gene is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, which is similar in structure to resistant proteins of plants, and mediates innate and acquired immunity by recognizing bacterial molecules containing D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP) moiety. What wore, it has been shown that NOD1 can sense cytosolic microbial products by monitoring the activation state of small Rho GTPases.

A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human CARD4/NOD1, which shares 88.2% and 93.8% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat CARD4/NOD1, respectively.

Non-receptor tyrosine kinase which mediates signal transduction downstream of a variety of transmembrane receptors including classical immunoreceptors like the B-cell receptor (BCR) . Regulates several biological processes including innate and adaptive immunity, cell adhesion, osteoclast maturation, platelet activation and vascular development. Assembles into signaling complexes with activated receptors at the plasma membrane via interaction between its SH2 domains and the receptor tyrosine-phosphorylated ITAM domains. The association with the receptor can also be in and mediated by adapter proteins containing ITAM or partial hemITAM domains. The phosphorylation of the ITAM domains is generally mediated by SRC subfamily kinases upon engagement of the receptor. More rarely signal transduction via SYK could be ITAM-independent. downstream effectors phosphorylated by SYK include VAV1, PLCG1, PI-3-kinase, LCP2 and BLNK. Initially identified as essential in B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, it is necessary for the maturation of B-cells most probably at the pro-B to pre-B transition. Activated upon BCR engagement, it phosphorylates and activates BLNK an adapter linking the activated BCR to downstream signaling adapters and effectors. It also phosphorylates and activates PLCG1 and the PKC signaling pathway. It also phosphorylates BTK and regulates its activity in B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) -coupled signaling. In addition to its function downstream of BCR plays also a role in T-cell receptor signaling. Plays also a crucial role in the innate immune response to fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens. It is for instance activated by the membrane lectin CLEC7A. Upon stimulation by fungal proteins, CLEC7A together with SYK activates immune cells inducing the production of ROS. Also activates the inflammasome and NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription of chemokines and cytokines in presence of pathogens. Regulates neutrophil degranulation and phagocytosis through activation of the MAPK signaling cascade. Required for the stimulation of neutrophil phagocytosis by IL15. Also mediates the activation of dendritic cells by cell necrosis stimuli. Also involved in mast cells activation. Involved in interleukin-3/IL3-mediated signaling pathway in basophils. Also functions downstream of receptors mediating cell adhesion. Relays for instance, integrin-mediated neutrophils and macrophages activation and P-selectin receptor/SELPG-mediated recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory loci. Plays also a role in non-immune processes. It is for instance involved in vascular development where it may regulate blood and lymphatic vascular separation. It is also required for osteoclast development and function. Functions in the activation of platelets by collagen, mediating PLCG2 phosphorylation and activation. May be coupled to the collagen receptor by the ITAM domain-containing FCER1G. Also activated by the membrane lectin CLEC1B that is required for activation of platelets by PDPN/podoplanin. Involved in platelet adhesion being activated by ITGB3 engaged by fibrinogen. Together with CEACAM20, enhances production of the cytokine CXCL8/IL-8 via the NFKB pathway and may thus have a role in the intestinal immune response.

1. Chamaillard, M., Hashimoto, M., Horie, Y., Masumoto, J., Su, Q., Saab, L., Ogura, Y., Kawasaki, A., Fukase, K., Kusumoto, S., Valvano, M. A., Foster, S. J., Mak, T. W., Nunez, G., Inohara, N. An essential role for NOD1 in host recognition of bacterial peptidoglycan containing diaminopimelic acid. Nature Immun. 4: 702-707, 2003. 2. da Silva Correia, J., Miranda, Y., Austin-Brown, N., Hsu, J., Mathison, J., Xiang, R., Zhou, H., Li, Q., Han, J., Ulevitch, R. J. Nod1-dependent control of tumor growth. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 103: 1840-1845, 2006. 3. Martinon F, Tschopp J (2006) . NLRs join TLRs as innate sensors of pathogens..Trends Immunol. 26 (8) : 447–54.

Store at -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.