Anti-DROSHA Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Drosha is a Class 2 ribonuclease III enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DROSHA (formerly RNASEN) gene. This gene encodes a ribonuclease (RNase) III double-stranded RNA-specific ribonuclease and subunit of the microprocessor protein complex, which catalyzes the initial processing step of microRNA (miRNA) synthesis. The encoded protein cleaves the stem loop structure from the primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) in the nucleus, yielding the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is then exported to the cytoplasm for further processing. In a human cell line lacking a functional copy of this gene, canonical miRNA synthesis is reduced. Somatic mutations in this gene have been observed in human patients with kidney cancer.

2339, Domain Families, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Metabolic Signaling Pathways, Metabolism, Mitochondrial Metabolism, Nuclear, Nucleotide Metabolism, Pathways and Processes, Signaling Pathways, Stem Cells, TGF Beta, Transcription, Zinc Finger

Transcription factor that can activate or repress transcription in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. Binds with high affinity to GC-rich motifs and regulates the expression of a large number of genes involved in a variety of processes such as cell growth, apoptosis, differentiation and immune responses. Highly regulated by post-translational modifications (phosphorylations, sumoylation, proteolytic cleavage, glycosylation and acetylation) . Binds also the PDGFR- alpha G-box promoter. May have a role in modulating the cellular response to DNA damage. Implicated in chromatin remodeling. Plays a role in the recruitment of SMARCA4/BRG1 on the c-FOS promoter. Plays an essential role in the regulation of FE65 gene expression. In complex with ATF7IP, maintains telomerase activity in cancer cells by inducing TERT and TERC gene expression. Isoform 3 is a stronger activator of transcription than isoform 1. Positively regulates the transcription of the core clock component ARNTL/BMAL1.

1. Cheloufi, S., Dos Santos, C. O., Chong, M. M. W., Hannon, G. J. A Dicer-independent miRNA biogenesis pathway that requires Ago catalysis. Nature 465: 584-589, 2010. 2. Davis, B. N., Hilyard, A. C., Lagna, G., Hata, A. SMAD proteins control DROSHA-mediated microRNA maturation. Nature 454: 56-61, 2008. 3. Filippov, V., Solovyev, V., Filippova, M., Gill, S. S. A novel type of RNase III family proteins in eukaryotes. Gene 245: 213-221, 2000.

Nucleus. Cytoplasm. Nuclear location is governed by glycosylated/phosphorylated states. Insulin promotes nuclear location, while glucagon favors cytoplasmic location.