Anti-Transketolase/TKT Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Transketolase is a thiamine-dependent enzyme that links the pentose phosphate pathway with the glycolytic pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway, which is active in most tissues, provides sugar phosphates for intermediary biosynthesis, especially nucleotide metabolism, and generates the biosynthetic reducing power for the cell in the form of NADPH. Transketolase is ly involved in the branch of the pathway that channels excess sugar phosphates to glycolysis, enabling the production of NADPH to be maintained under different metabolic conditions. NADPH is critical for maintaining cerebral glutathione, and thus it is likely that transketolase plays an important role in brain metabolism.

Almost ubiquitous. Largely expressed in adult heart, skeletal muscle, ovary, and fetal kidney. Moderate amounts in adult liver, kidney, pancreas, spleen, and fetal lung, and small amounts in placenta, adult lung, prostate, testis, colon, fetal brain and liver.

Cancer, Developmental Families, Domain Families, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, G Protein Signaling, Oncoproteins/Suppressors, Signal Transduction, Signaling Pathway, Signaling Pathways, Stem Cells, Surface Molecules, Transcription, Tumor Suppressors

Receptor for Wnt proteins. Most of frizzled receptors are coupled to the beta-catenin (CTNNB1) canonical signaling pathway, which leads to the activation of disheveled proteins, inhibition of GSK-3 kinase, nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and activation of Wnt target genes. Plays a critical role in retinal vascularization by acting as a receptor for Wnt proteins and norrin (NDP) . In retina, it can be both activated by Wnt protein-binding, but also by a Wnt-independent signaling via binding of norrin (NDP), promoting in both cases beta-catenin (CTNNB1) accumulation and stimulation of LEF/TCF-mediated transcriptional programs. A second signaling pathway involving PKC and calcium fluxes has been seen for some family members, but it is not yet clear if it represents a distinct pathway or if it can be integrated in the canonical pathway, as PKC seems to be required for Wnt-mediated inactivation of GSK-3 kinase. Both pathways seem to involve interactions with G-proteins. May be involved in transduction and intercellular transmission of polarity information during tissue morphogenesis and/or in differentiated tissues.

1. Abedinia, M., Layfield, R., Jones, S. M., Nixon, P. F., Mattick, J. S. Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence of a cDNA clone encoding part of human transketolase. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 183: 1159-1166, 1992. 2. Boyle, L., Wamelink, M. M. C., Salomons, G. S., Roos, B., Pop, A., Dauber, A., Hwa, V., Andrew, M., Douglas, J., Feingold, M., Kramer, N., Saitta, S., Retterer, K., Cho, M. T., Begtrup, A., Monaghan, K. G., Wynn, J., Chung, W. K. Mutations in TKT are the cause of a syndrome, including short stature, developmental delay, and congenital heart defects. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 98: 1235-1242, 2016. 3. Coy, J. F., Dubel, S., Kioschis, P., Thomas, K., Micklem, G., Delius, H., Poustka, A. Molecular cloning of tissue-specific transcripts of a transketolase-related gene: implications for the evolution of new vertebrate genes. Genomics 32: 309-316, 1996.