Anti-NFAT5 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

The product of this gene is a member of the nuclear factors of activated T cells family of transcription factors. Proteins belonging to this family play a central role in inducible gene transcription during the immune response. This protein regulates gene expression induced by osmotic stress in mammalian cells. Unlike monomeric members of this protein family, this protein exists as a homodimer and forms stable dimers with DNA elements. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Detected adjacent to nodes of Ranvier in juxtaparanodal zones in spinal cord nerve fibers, but also in paranodal regions in some myelinated spinal cord axons (at protein level) (PubMed:11086297) . Detected in the islet of Langerhans (PubMed:21483673) .

Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes, primarily in the brain and the central nervous system, but also in the kidney (PubMed:19903818) . Contributes to the regulation of the membrane potential and nerve signaling, and prevents neuronal hyperexcitability (PubMed:17156368) . Forms tetrameric potassium- selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane (PubMed:19912772) . Can form functional homotetrameric channels and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNA1, KCNA2, KCNA4, KCNA5, KCNA6, KCNA7, and possibly other family members as well; channel properties depend on the type of alpha subunits that are part of the channel (PubMed:12077175, PubMed:17156368) . Channel properties are modulated by cytoplasmic beta subunits that regulate the subcellular location of the alpha subunits and promote rapid inactivation of delayed rectifier potassium channels (PubMed:12077175, PubMed:17156368) . In vivo, membranes probably contain a mixture of heteromeric potassium channel complexes, making it difficult to assign currents observed in intact tissues to any particular potassium channel family member. Homotetrameric KCNA1 forms a delayed-rectifier potassium channel that opens in response to membrane depolarization, followed by slow spontaneous channel closure (PubMed:19912772, PubMed:19968958, PubMed:19307729, PubMed:19903818) . In contrast, a heterotetrameric channel formed by KCNA1 and KCNA4 shows rapid inactivation (PubMed:17156368) . Regulates neuronal excitability in hippocampus, especially in mossy fibers and medial perforant path axons, preventing neuronal hyperexcitability. Response to toxins that are selective for KCNA1, respectively for KCNA2, suggests that heteromeric potassium channels composed of both KCNA1 and KCNA2 play a role in pacemaking and regulate the output of deep cerebellar nuclear neurons (By similarity) . May function as down- stream effector for G protein-coupled receptors and inhibit GABAergic inputs to basolateral amygdala neurons (By similarity) . May contribute to the regulation of neurotransmitter release, such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release (By similarity) . Plays a role in regulating the generation of action potentials and preventing hyperexcitability in myelinated axons of the vagus nerve, and thereby contributes to the regulation of heart contraction (By similarity) . Required for normal neuromuscular responses (PubMed:11026449, PubMed:17136396) . Regulates the frequency of neuronal action potential firing in response to mechanical stimuli, and plays a role in the perception of pain caused by mechanical stimuli, but does not play a role in the perception of pain due to heat stimuli (By similarity) . Required for normal responses to auditory stimuli and precise location of sound sources, but not for sound perception (By similarity) . The use of toxins that block specific channels suggest that it contributes to the regulation of the axonal release of the neurotransmitter dopamine (By similarity) . Required for normal postnatal brain development and normal proliferation of neuronal precursor cells in the brain (By similarity) . Plays a role in the reabsorption of Mg (2+) in the distal convoluted tubules in the kidney and in magnesium ion homeostasis, probably via its effect on the membrane potential (PubMed:23903368, PubMed:19307729) .

1. Hebinck, A., Dalski, A., Engel, H., Mattei, M.-G., Hawken, R., Schwinger, E., Zuhlke, C. Assignment of transcription factor NFAT5 to human chromosome 16q22.1, murine chromosome 8D and porcine chromosome 6p1.4 and comparison of the polyglutamine domains. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 90: 68-70, 2000. 2. Lopez-Rodriguez, C., Antos, C. L., Shelton, J. M., Richardson, J. A., Lin, F., Novobrantseva, T. I., Bronson, R. T., Igarashi, P., Rao, A., Olson, E. N. Loss of NFAT5 results in renal atrophy and lack of tonicity-responsive gene expression. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 101: 2392-2397, 2004. 3. Lopez-Rodriguez, C., Aramburu, J., Rakeman, A. S., Rao, A. NFAT5, a constitutively nuclear NFAT protein that does not cooperate with Fos and Jun. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 96: 7214-7219, 1999.