Anti-HP1 alpha/CBX5 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

This gene encodes a highly conserved nonhistone protein, which is a member of the heterochromatin protein family. The protein is enriched in the heterochromatin and associated with centromeres. The protein has a single N-terminal chromodomain which can bind to histone proteins via methylated lysine residues, and a C-terminal chromo shadow-domain (CSD) which is responsible for the homodimerization and interaction with a number of chromatin-associated nonhistone proteins. The encoded product is involved in the formation of functional kinetochore through interaction with essential kinetochore proteins. The gene has a pseudogene located on chromosome 3. Multiple alternatively spliced variants, encoding the same protein, have been identified.

Part of the TCR-CD3 complex present on T-lymphocyte cell surface that plays an essential role in adaptive immune response. When antigen presenting cells (APCs) activate T-cell receptor (TCR), TCR-mediated signals are transmitted across the cell membrane by the CD3 chains CD3D, CD3E, CD3G and CD3Z. All CD3 chains contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) in their cytoplasmic domain. Upon TCR engagement, these motifs become phosphorylated by Src family protein tyrosine kinases LCK and FYN, resulting in the activation of downstream signaling pathways. In addition of this role of signal transduction in T-cell activation, CD3E plays an essential role in correct T-cell development (PubMed:19956738, PubMed:24899501) . Participates also in internalization and cell surface down-regulation of TCR-CD3 complexes via endocytosis sequences present in CD3E cytosolic region.

1. Allan, R. S., Zueva, E., Cammas, F., Schreiber, H. A., Masson, V., Belz, G. T., Roche, D., Maison, C., Quivy, J.-P., Almouzni, G., Amigorena, S. An epigenetic silencing pathway controlling T helper 2 cell lineage commitment. Nature 487: 249-253, 2012. 2. Bannister, A. J., Zegerman, P., Partridge, J. F., Miska, E. A., Thomas, J. O., Allshire, R. C., Kouzarides, T. Selective recognition of methylated lysine 9 on histone H3 by the HP1 chromo domain. Nature 410: 120-124, 2001. 3. Cheutin, T., McNairn, A. J., Jenuwein, T., Gilbert, D. M., Singh, P. B., Misteli, T. Maintenance of stable heterochromatin domains by dynamic HP1 binding. Science 299: 721-725, 2003.

Alpha-beta T cell receptor complex; external side of plasma membrane; immunological synapse; cell body; cell-cell junction; dendritic spine; integral component of membrane