Anti-LDL Receptor/LDLR Antibody Picoband® Fluoro594 Conjugated

In humans, the LDL receptor protein is encoded by the LDLR gene on chromosome 19. It is mapped to 19p13.2. The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) is normally bound at the cell membrane and taken into the cell ending up in lysosomes where the protein is degraded and the cholesterol is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Cancer, Cardiovascular, Cytochromes, Drug Metabolism, Growth Factors/Hormones, Lipases, Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Lipids/Lipoproteins, Metabolic Signaling Pathways, Metabolism, Mitochondrial Metabolism, Pathways and Processes, Signal Transduction

Binds LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus in hepatocytes, but not through a interaction with viral proteins. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Vesicular stomatitis virus. (Microbial infection) In case of HIV-1 infection, may function as a receptor for extracellular Tat in neurons, mediating its internalization in uninfected cells.

1. Aalto-Setala, K., Helve, E., Kovanen, P. T., Kontula, K. Finnish type of low absorbance lipoprotein receptor gene mutation (FH-Helsinki) deletes exons encoding the carboxy-terminal part of the receptor and creates an internalization-defective phenotype. J. Clin. Invest. 84: 499-505, 1989. 2. Aalto-Setala, K., Koivisto, U.-M., Miettinen, T. A., Gylling, H., Kesaniemi, Y. A., Savolainen, M., Pyorala, K., Ebeling, T., Mononen, I., Turtola, H., Viikari, J., Kontula, K. Prevalence and geographical distribution of major LDL receptor gene rearrangements in Finland. J. Intern. Med. 231: 227-234, 1992. 3. Agnello, V., Abel, G., Elfahal, M., Knight, G. B., Zhang, Q.-X. Hepatitis C virus and other flaviviridae viruses enter cells via low absorbance lipoprotein receptor. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 96: 12766-12771, 1999.