Anti-DIO1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Type I iodothyronine deiodinase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DIO1 gene. It is mapped to 1p32.3. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the iodothyronine deiodinase family. It catalyzes the activation, as well as the inactivation of thyroid hormone by outer and inner ring deiodination, respectively. The activation reaction involves the conversion of the prohormone thyroxine (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine, T4), secreted by the thyroid gland, to the bioactive thyroid hormone (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine, T3) by 5'-deiodination. This protein provides most of the circulating T3, which is essential for growth, differentiation and basal metabolism in vertebrates. This protein is a selenoprotein, containing the rare amino acid selenocysteine (Sec) at its active site. Sec is encoded by the UGA codon, which normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, designated the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, that is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon, rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.

Responsible for the deiodination of T4 (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine) into T3 (3,5,3'-triiodothyronine) and of T3 into T2 (3,3'-diiodothyronine) . Plays a role in providing a source of plasma T3 by deiodination of T4 in peripheral tissues such as liver and kidney.

1. Berry, M. J., Banu, L., Larsen, P. R. Type I iodothyronine deiodinase is a selenocysteine-containing enzyme. Nature 349: 438-440, 1991. 2. Berry, M. J., Grieco, D., Taylor, B. A., Maia, A. L., Kieffer, J. D., Beamer, W., Glover, E., Poland, A., Larsen, P. R. Physiological and genetic analyses of inbred mouse strains with a type I iodothyronine 5-prime deiodinase deficiency. J. Clin. Invest. 92: 1517-1528, 1993. 3. de Jong, F. J., Peeters, R. P., den Heijer, T., van der Deure, W. M., Hofman, A., Uitterlinden, A. G., Visser, T. J., Breteler, M. M. B. The association of polymorphisms in the type 1 and 2 deiodinase genes with circulating thyroid hormone parameters and atrophy of the medial temporal lobe. J. Clin. Endocr. Metab. 92: 636-640, 2007.