Anti-Hexokinase 1/HK1 Antibody Picoband® (monoclonal, 4B7) Fluoro647 Conjugated

Hexokinase-1 (HK1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the HK1 gene on chromosome 10. It is mapped to 10q22.1. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. This gene encodes a ubiquitous form of hexokinase which localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hemolytic anemia due to hexokinase deficiency. Alternative splicing of this gene results in several transcript variants which encode different isoforms, some of which are tissue-specific.

Catalyzes the phosphorylation of various hexoses, such as D-glucose, D-glucosamine, D-fructose, D-mannose and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, to hexose 6-phosphate (D-glucose 6-phosphate, D-glucosamine 6-phosphate, D-fructose 6-phosphate, D-mannose 6-phosphate and 2-deoxy-D-glucose 6-phosphate, respectively) . Does not phosphorylate N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Mediates the initial step of glycolysis by catalyzing phosphorylation of D-glucose to D-glucose 6-phosphate. Involved in innate immunity and inflammation by acting as a pattern recognition receptor for bacterial peptidoglycan. When released in the cytosol, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine component of bacterial peptidoglycan inhibits the hexokinase activity of HK1 and causes its dissociation from mitochondrial outer membrane, thereby activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.

1. Andreoni, F., Ruzzo, A., Magnani, M. Structure of the 5-prime region of the human hexokinase type I (HKI) gene and identification of an additional testis-specific HKI mRNA. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1493: 19-26, 2000. 2. Bianchi, M., Crinelli, R., Serafini, G. Giammarini, C., Magnani, M. Molecular bases of hexokinase deficiency. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1360: 211-221, 1997. 3. Bianchi, M., Magnani, M. Hexokinase mutations that produce nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. Blood Cells Mol. Dis. 21: 2-8, 1995.