Anti-COX2/Cyclooxygenase 2/PTGS2 Picoband® Antibody Fluoro647 Conjugated

Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, also known as cyclooxygenase-2 or COX-2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PTGS2 gene. It is mapped to 1q31.1. Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS), also known as cyclooxygenase, is the key enzyme in prostaglandin biosynthesis, and acts both as a dioxygenase and as a peroxidase. There are two isozymes of PTGS: a constitutive PTGS1 and an inducible PTGS2, which differ in their regulation of expression and tissue distribution. This gene encodes the inducible isozyme. It is regulated by specific stimulatory events, suggesting that it is responsible for the prostanoid biosynthesis involved in inflammation and mitogenesis.

Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2; Cyclooxygenase-2; COX-2; PHS II; Prostaglandin H2 synthase 2; PGH synthase 2; PGHS-2; Prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; PTGS2; COX2

Atherosclerosis, Cancer, Cancer Metabolism, Cardiovascular, Cholesterol Metabolism, Endocrine Metabolism, Heart Disease, Hormone Biosynthesis, Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Lipid Signaling, Lipids/Lipoproteins, Metabolic Signaling Pathway, Metabolic Signaling Pathways, Metabolism, Pathways and Processes, Platelets, Signal Transduction, Signaling Pathway, Tumor Biomarkers

Converts arachidonate to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2), a committed step in prostanoid synthesis. Constitutively expressed in some tissues in physiological conditions, such as the endothelium, kidney and brain, and in pathological conditions, such as in cancer. PTGS2 is responsible for production of inflammatory prostaglandins. Up-regulation of PTGS2 is also associated with increased cell adhesion, phenotypic changes, resistance to apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis. In cancer cells, PTGS2 is a key step in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which plays important roles in modulating motility, proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. During neuroinflammation, plays a role in neuronal secretion of specialized preresolving mediators (SPMs), especially 15-R-lipoxin A4, that regulates phagocytic microglia.

1. Kosaka, T., Miyata, A., Ihara, H., Hara, S., Sugimoto, T., Takeda, O., Takahashi, E., Tanabe, T. Characterization of the human gene (PTGS2) encoding prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2. Europ. J. Biochem. 221: 889-897, 1994. 2. Tay, A., Squire, J. A., Goldberg, H., Skorecki, K. Assignment of the human prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene to 1q25 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomics 23: 718-719, 1994. 3. Xu, L., Zhang, L., Yi, Y., Kang, H.-K., Datta, S. K. Human lupus T cells resist inactivation and escape death by upregulating COX-2. Nature Med. 10: 411-415, 2004.