Anti-hnRNP D/AUF1/HNRNPD Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D0 (HNRNPD) also known as AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1 (AUF1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPD gene. It is mapped to 4q21.22. This gene belongs to the subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) . The hnRNPs are nucleic acid binding proteins and they complex with heterogeneous nuclear RNA (hnRNA) . These proteins are associated with pre-mRNAs in the nucleus and appear to influence pre-mRNA processing and other aspects of mRNA metabolism and transport. While all of the hnRNPs are present in the nucleus, some seem to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The hnRNP proteins have distinct nucleic acid binding properties. The protein encoded by this gene has two repeats of quasi-RRM domains that bind to RNAs. It localizes to both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. This protein is implicated in the regulation of mRNA stability. Alternative splicing of this gene results in four transcript variants.

Binds with high affinity to RNA molecules that contain AU-rich elements (AREs) found within the 3'-UTR of many proto-oncogenes and cytokine mRNAs. Also binds to double- and single-stranded DNA sequences in a specific manner and functions a transcription factor. Each of the RNA-binding domains specifically can bind solely to a single-stranded non-monotonous 5'-UUAG-3' sequence and also weaker to the single-stranded 5'-TTAGGG-3' telomeric DNA repeat. Binds RNA oligonucleotides with 5'-UUAGGG-3' repeats more tightly than the telomeric single-stranded DNA 5'-TTAGGG-3' repeats. Binding of RRM1 to DNA inhibits the formation of DNA quadruplex structure which may play a role in telomere elongation. May be involved in translationally coupled mRNA turnover. Implicated with other RNA-binding proteins in the cytoplasmic deadenylation/translational and decay interplay of the FOS mRNA mediated by the major coding-region determinant of instability (mCRD) domain. May play a role in the regulation of the rhythmic expression of circadian clock core genes. ly binds to the 3'UTR of CRY1 mRNA and induces CRY1 rhythmic translation. May also be involved in the regulation of PER2 translation.

1. Arao Y, Kuriyama R, Kayama F, Kato S (August 2000) . A nuclear matrix-associated factor, SAF-B, interacts with specific isoforms of AUF1/hnRNP D. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 380 (2) : 228–36. 2. Sinsimer KS, Gratacós FM, Knapinska AM, Lu J, Krause CD, Wierzbowski AV, Maher LR, Scrudato S, Rivera YM, Gupta S, Turrin DK, De La Cruz MP, Pestka S, Brewer G (September 2008) . Chaperone Hsp27, a novel subunit of AUF1 protein complexes, functions in AU-rich element-mediated mRNA decay. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28 (17) : 5223–37. 3. Panda AC, Abdelmohsen K, Yoon JH, Martindale JL, Yang X, Curtis J, Mercken EM, Chenette DM, Zhang Y, Schneider RJ, Becker KG, de Cabo R, Gorospe M (Aug 2014) . RNA-binding protein AUF1 promotes myogenesis by regulating MEF2C expression levels. Mol Cell Biol. 34 (16) : 3106–19.