Anti-FEN1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Flap endonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FEN1 gene. It is mapped to 11q12.2. The protein encoded by this gene removes 5' overhanging flaps in DNA repair and processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis. physical interaction between this protein and AP endonuclease 1 during long-patch base excision repair provides coordinated loading of the proteins onto the substrate, thus passing the substrate from one enzyme to another. The protein is a member of the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family and is one of ten proteins essential for cell-free DNA replication. DNA secondary structure can inhibit flap processing at certain trinucleotide repeats in a length-dependent manner by concealing the 5' end of the flap that is necessary for both binding and cleavage by the protein encoded by this gene. Therefore, secondary structure can deter the protective function of this protein, leading to site-specific trinucleotide expansions.

Predominantly expressed in the liver (PubMed:11099417, PubMed:11452359) . Low expression levels in the small intestine and colon (PubMed:11099417) . Very low levels in other tissues, including brain, heart and spleen (PubMed:11452359) .

Atherosclerosis, Cancer, Cancer Metabolism, Cardiovascular, Cholesterol Metabolism, Heart Disease, Lipid and Lipoprotein Metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, Lipids/Lipoproteins, Metabolic Signaling Pathway, Metabolic Signaling Pathways, Metabolism, Metabolism of Lipids and Lipoproteins, Pathways and Processes, Signal Transduction

Structure-specific nuclease with 5'-flap endonuclease and 5'-3' exonuclease activities involved in DNA replication and repair. During DNA replication, cleaves the 5'-overhanging flap structure that is generated by displacement synthesis when DNA polymerase encounters the 5'-end of a downstream Okazaki fragment. It enters the flap from the 5'-end and then tracks to cleave the flap base, leaving a nick for ligation. Also involved in the long patch base excision repair (LP-BER) pathway, by cleaving within the apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site-terminated flap. Acts as a genome stabilization factor that prevents flaps from equilibrating into structurs that lead to duplications and deletions. Also possesses 5'-3' exonuclease activity on nicked or gapped double-stranded DNA, and exhibits RNase H activity. Also involved in replication and repair of rDNA and in repairing mitochondrial DNA.

1. Hiraoka LR, Harrington JJ, Gerhard DS, Lieber MR, Hsieh CL (Jul 1995) . Sequence of human FEN-1, a structure-specific endonuclease, and chromosomal localization of the gene (FEN1) in mouse and human. Genomics. 25 (1) : 220–5. 2. Dianova II, Bohr VA, Dianov GL (Oct 2001) . Interaction of human AP endonuclease 1 with flap endonuclease 1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen involved in long-patch base excision repair. Biochemistry. 40 (42) : 12639–44. 3. Sharma S, Sommers JA, Wu L, Bohr VA, Hickson ID, Brosh RM (Mar 2004) . Stimulation of flap endonuclease-1 by the Bloom's syndrome protein. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (11) : 9847–56.