Anti-2B4/Cd244 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

CD244 (Cluster of Differentiation 244) is a human protein encoded by the CD244 gene. It is also known as Natural Killer Cell Receptor 2B4. Tangye et al. (1999) mapped the 2B4 gene to 1q22. Suzuki et al. (2008) identified a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the CD244 gene that contributes to rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility. Functional analysis by Boles et al. (1999) demonstrated that engagement of 2B4 with specific antibody activates NK cytolytic activity. Using recombinant human NK cell-activating ligand 2B4 fused to domains 3 and 4 of rodent Cd4 and flow cytometric analysis, Brown et al. (1998) demonstrated that CD48 binds to 2B4. Watzl et al. (2000) showed that antibody-mediated cross-linking of 2B4 leads to its rapid tyrosine phosphorylation, which is necessary for 2B4-mediated killer cell activity.

Natural killer cell receptor 2B4; NK cell type I receptor protein 2B4; NKR2B4; Non-MHC restricted killing associated; SLAM family; SLAMF4; Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule 4; CD244; Cd244; 2b4, Nmrk

Cancer, Cancer Metabolism, Cardiovascular, Growth Factors/Hormones, Metabolism, Metabolism Processes, Pathways and Processes, Response To Hypoxia, Signal Transduction, Vasculature

Heterophilic receptor of the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family; its ligand is CD48. SLAM receptors triggered by homo- or heterotypic cell-cell interactions are modulating the activation and differentiation of a wide variety of immune cells and thus are involved in the regulation and interconnection of both innate and adaptive immune response. Activities are controlled by presence or absence of small cytoplasmic adapter proteins, SH2D1A/SAP and/or SH2D1B/EAT-2. Acts as activating natural killer (NK) cell receptor (PubMed:8326140, PubMed:12734329, PubMed:19648922, PubMed:20962259) . Activating function implicates association with SH2D1A and FYN. Downstreaming signaling involves predominantly VAV1, and, to a lesser degree, INPP5D/SHIP1 and CBL. Signal attenuation in the absence of SH2D1A is proposed to be dependent on INPP5D and to a lesser extent PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPN11/SHP-2. Stimulates NK cell cytotoxicity, production of IFN-gamma and granule exocytosis (PubMed:8326140, PubMed:15169881, PubMed:15998796, PubMed:22683124) . Optimal expansion and activation of NK cells seems to be dependent on the engagement of CD244 with CD48 expressed on neighboring NK cells (PubMed:15905190) . Regulation of NK cell activity by adapters Sh2d1b and Sh2d1b2 is reported conflictingly (PubMed:16127454, PubMed:16425036) . Acts as costimulator in NK activation by enhancing signals by other NK receptors such as NCR3 and NCR1. At early stages of NK cell differentiation may function as an inhibitory receptor possibly ensuring the self-tolerance of developing NK cells (By similarity) . Involved in the regulation of CD8+ T-cell proliferation; expression on activated T-cells and binding to CD488 provides costimulatory-like function for neighboring T-cells (PubMed:11739483) . Inhibits inflammatory responses in dendritic cells (DCs) (PubMed:25643613) .

1. Boles, K. S., Nakajima, H., Colonna, M., Chuang, S. S., Stepp, S. E., Bennett, M., Kumar, V., Mathew, P. A. Molecular characterization of a novel human natural killer cell receptor homologous to mouse 2B4. Tissue Antigens 54: 27-34, 1999. 2. Brown, M. H., Boles, K., van der Merwe, P. A., Kumar, V., Mathew, P. A., Barclay, A. N. 2B4, the natural killer and T cell immunoglobulin superfamily surface protein, is a ligand for CD48. J. Exp. Med. 188: 2083-2093, 1998. 3. Suzuki, A., Yamada, R., Kochi, Y., Sawada, T., Okada, Y., Matsuda, K., Kamatani, Y., Mori, M., Shimane, K., Hirabayashi, Y., Takahashi, A., Tsunoda, T., Miyatake, A., Kubo, M., Kamatani, N., Nakamura, Y., Yamamoto, K. Functional SNPs in CD244 increase the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in a Japanese population. Nature Genet. 40: 1224-1229, 2008. 4. Tangye, S. G., Lazetic, S., Woollatt, E., Sutherland, G. R., Lanier, L. L., Phillips, J. H. Cutting edge: human 2B4, an activating NK cell receptor, recruits the protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 and the adaptor signaling protein SAP. J. Immun. 162: 6981-6985, 1999. 5. Watzl, C., Stebbins, C. C., Long, E. O. Cutting edge: NK cell inhibitory receptors prevent tyrosine phosphorylation of the activation receptor 2B4 (CD244) . J. Immun. 165: 3545-3548, 2000.