Anti-MyD88 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

MYD88 (MYELOID DIFFERENTIATION PRIMARY RESPONSE GENE 88), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the MYD88 gene. MyD88 is a key downstream adapter for most Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and interleukin-1 receptors (IL1Rs) . And it is mapped on 3p22.2. MYD88 encodes a cytosolic adapter protein that plays a central role in the innate and adaptive immune response. This protein functions as an essential signal transducer in the interleukin-1 and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways. Overexpression of MYD88 caused an increase in the level of transcription from the interleukin-8 promoter. The C-terminal domain of MYD88 has significant sequence similarity to the cytoplasmic domain of IL1RAP. Inhibiting the IL1R-MYD88 pathway in vivo could block the damage from acute inflammation that occurs in response to sterile cell death, and do so in a way that might not compromise tissue repair or host defense against pathogens.

Detected in bone marrow. Isoform 1 is expressed in testis, kidney, lung, ovary, adrenal gland, prostate, thymus and heart, and weakly in skeletal muscle, liver, spleen and brain. Isoform 2 is mainly expressed in the spleen and weakly in brain.

Adapter protein involved in the Toll-like receptor and IL-1 receptor signaling pathway in the innate immune response. Acts via IRAK1, IRAK2, IRF7 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. Increases IL-8 transcription. Involved in IL-18-mediated signaling pathway. Activates IRF1 resulting in its rapid migration into the nucleus to mediate an efficient induction of IFN-beta, NOS2/INOS, and IL12A genes (By similarity) . MyD88-mediated signaling in intestinal epithelial cells is crucial for maintenance of gut homeostasis and controls the expression of the antimicrobial lectin REG3G in the small intestine (By similarity) . .

1. Adachi, O., Kawai, T., Takeda, K., Matsumoto, M., Tsutsui, H., Sakagami, M., Nakanishi, K., Akira, S. Targeted disruption of the MyD88 gene results in loss of IL-1- and IL-18-mediated function. Immunity 9: 143-150, 1998. 2. Bellocchio, S., Montagnoli, C., Bozza, S., Gaziano, R., Rossi, G., Mambula, S. S., Vecchi, A., Mantovani, A., Levitz, S. M., Romani, L. The contribution of the Toll-like/IL-1 receptor superfamily to innate and adaptive immunity to fungal pathogens in vivo. J. Immun. 172: 3059-3069, 2004. 3. Bonnert TP, Garka KE, Parnet P, Sonoda G, Testa JR, Sims JE (January 1997) . The cloning and characterization of human MyD88: a member of an IL-1 receptor related family. FEBS letters 402 (1) : 81–4.