Anti-MIP-3 Alpha/CCL20 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 3alpha (MIP3alpha), also called Chemokine, cc motif, ligand 20 (CCL20) . The MIP-3alpha/CCL20 gene was cloned and sequenced, revealing a four exon, three intron structure, and was localized by FISH analysis to 2q35-q36. MIP3alpha is predominantly expressed in lymph nodes, appendix, PBL, fetal liver, fetal lung and several cell lines. MIP3alpha/CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 are markedly up-regulated in psoriasis, and they may play a role in the recruitment of T cells to lesional psoriatic skin. And Alanine MIP-3alpha and Serine MIP-3alpha, the two forms of MIP3alpha, that differ by one amino acid at the predicted signal peptide cleavage site. Both of them were chemically synthesized and tested for biological activity. And both flu antigen plus IL-2-activated CD4 (+) and CD8 (+) T lymphoblasts and cord blood-derived dendritic cells responded to Ser and Ala MIP-3alpha.

C-C motif chemokine 20; Beta-chemokine exodus-1; CC chemokine LARC; CC chemokine ST38; Liver and activation-regulated chemokine; Macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha; MIP-3-alpha; Small-inducible cytokine A20; Ccl20; Larc, Scya20

Thymic medulla (at protein level) . Prominently expressed in the small intestine, colon and appendix. Also found in thymus, spleen, lymph node and lung. The long form might be dominant in intestinal, and the short form in lymphoid tissues. Expressed by IL17 producing helper T-cells (Th17) .

Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR6. Signals through binding and activation of CCR6 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions (PubMed:9862452, PubMed:20068036) . The ligand- receptor pair CCL20-CCR6 is responsible for the chemotaxis of dendritic cells (DC), effector/memory T-cells and B-cells and plays an important role at skin and mucosal surfaces under homeostatic and inflammatory conditions, as well as in pathology, including cancer and autoimmune diseases (PubMed:21376174) . CCL20 acts as a chemotactic factor that attracts lymphocytes and, slightly, neutrophils, but not monocytes (By similarity) . Involved in the recruitment of both the proinflammatory IL17 producing helper T-cells (Th17) and the regulatory T-cells (Treg) to sites of inflammation (PubMed:19050256) . Required for optimal migration of thymic natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) and DN1 early thymocyte progenitor cells (PubMed:24638065) . Positively regulates sperm motility and chemotaxis via its binding to CCR6 which triggers Ca2+ mobilization in the sperm which is important for its motility (PubMed:25122636) . May be involved in formation and function of the mucosal lymphoid tissues by attracting lymphocytes and dendritic cells towards epithelial cells (PubMed:10064080) .

1. Harant, H., Eldershaw, S. A, Lindley, I. J. Human macrophage inflammatory protein-3-alpha/CCL20/LARC/EXODUS/SCYA20 is transcriptionally upregulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha via a non-standard NF-kappa-B site. FEBS Lett. 509: 439-445, 2001. 2. Nelson, R. T., Boyd, J., Gladue, R. P., Paradis, T., Thomas, R., Cunningham, A. C., Lira, P., Brissette, W. H., Hayes, L., Hames, L. M., Neote, K. S., McColl, S. R. Genomic organization of the CC chemokine MIP-3-alpha/CCL20/LARC/EXODUS/SCYA20, showing gene structure, splice variants, and chromosome localization. Genomics 73: 28-37, 2001.