Anti-Alpha Actinin 4/ACTN4 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Alpha-actinin-4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACTN4 gene. Alpha actinins belong to the spectrin gene superfamily which represents a diverse group of cytoskeletal proteins, including the alpha and beta spectrins and dystrophins. Alpha actinin is an actin-binding protein with multiple roles in different cell types. In nonmuscle cells, the cytoskeletal isoform is found along microfilament bundles and adherens-type junctions, where it is involved in binding actin to the membrane. In contrast, skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle isoforms are localized to the Z-disc and analogous dense bodies, where they help anchor the myofibrillar actin filaments. This ACTN4 gene encodes a nonmuscle, alpha actinin isoform which is concentrated in the cytoplasm, and thought to be involved in metastatic processes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis.

E.coli-derived human Alpha Actinin 4 recombinant protein (Position: E561-V661) . Human Alpha Actinin 4 shares 99% and 98% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat Alpha Actinin 4, respectively.

Actin, etc., Cancer, Cancer Metabolism, Cell Adhesion, Cytoskeleton, Cytoskeleton/ECM, Extracellular Matrix, Hypoxia, Invasion/Microenvironment, Metabolism, Metabolism Processes, Microfilaments, Pathways and Processes, Response To Hypoxia, Signal Transduction

F-actin cross-linking protein which is thought to anchor actin to a variety of intracellular structures. This is a bundling protein (Probable) . Probably involved in vesicular trafficking via its association with the CART complex. The CART complex is necessary for efficient transferrin receptor recycling but not for EGFR degradation (PubMed:15772161) . Involved in tight junction assembly in epithelial cells probably through interaction with MICALL2. Links MICALL2 to the actin cytoskeleton and recruits it to the tight junctions (By similarity) . May also function as a transcriptional coactivator, stimulating transcription mediated by the nuclear hormone receptors PPARG and RARA (PubMed:22351778) . .

1. Entrez Gene: ACTN4 actinin, alpha 4. 2. Kaplan, J. M., Kim, S. H., North, K. N., Rennke, H., Correia, L. A., Tong, H.-Q., Mathis, B. J., Rodriguez-Perez, J.-C., Allen, P. G., Beggs, A. H., Pollak, M. R. Mutations in ACTN4, encoding alpha-actinin-4, cause familial focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.Nature Genet. 24: 251-256, 2000.

Nucleus . Cytoplasm . Cell junction . Localized in cytoplasmic mRNP granules containing untranslated mRNAs. Colocalizes with actin stress fibers. Nuclear translocation can be induced by the PI3 kinase inhibitor wortmannin or by cytochalasin D. Exclusively localized in the nucleus in a limited number of cell lines (breast cancer cell line MCF-7, oral floor cancer IMC- 2, and bladder cancer KU-7) . .