Anti-RALA Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Ras-related protein Ral-A (RalA) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RALA gene on chromosome 7. This protein is one of two isoforms of the Ral protein, the other being RalB, and part of the Ras GTPase family. As a Ras GTPase, RalA functions as a molecular switch that becomes active when bound to GTP and inactive when bound to GDP. It can be activated by RalGEFs and, in turn, activate effectors in signal transduction pathways leading to biological outcomes. Additionally, Ral proteins have been associated with the progression of several cancers, including bladder cancer and prostate cancer. While the above functions appear to be shared between the two Ral isoforms, their differential subcellular localizations result in their differing involvement in certain biological processes. In particular, RalA is more involved in anchorage-independent cell growth, vesicle trafficking, and cytoskeletal organization. Moreover, RalA specifically interacts with Exo84 and Sec5 to regulate transport of membrane proteins in polarized epithelial cells and GLUT4 to the plasma membrane, as well as mitochondrial fission for cell division.

Cancer, Cancer Susceptibility, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, G Protein Signaling, Oncoproteins, Oncoproteins/Suppressors, Proto-Oncogenes, Ras Family, Signal Transduction, Signaling Pathway, Small G Proteins, Transcription

Multifunctional GTPase involved in a variety of cellular processes including gene expression, cell migration, cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and membrane trafficking. Accomplishes its multiple functions by interacting with distinct downstream effectors. Acts as a GTP sensor for GTP-dependent exocytosis of dense core vesicles. Plays a role in the early stages of cytokinesis and is required to tether the exocyst to the cytokinetic furrow. The RALA-exocyst complex regulates integrin- dependent membrane raft exocytosis and growth signaling. Key regulator of LPAR1 signaling and competes with ADRBK1 for binding to LPAR1 thus affecting the signaling properties of the receptor. Required for anchorage-independent proliferation of transformed cells. .

1. Entrez Gene: RALA v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related) . 2. Kashatus DF (Sep 2013) . Ral GTPases in tumorigenesis: emerging from the shadows. Experimental Cell Research 319 (15) : 2337–42. 3. Rousseau-Merck MF, Bernheim A, Chardin P, Miglierina R, Tavitian A, Berger R (Jun 1988) . The ras-related ral gene maps to chromosome 7p15-22. Human Genetics 79 (2) : 132–6.

Cell surface. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side. Cleavage furrow. Midbody. Prior to LPA treatment found predominantly at the cell surface and in the presence of LPA colocalizes with LPAR1 and LPAR2 in the endocytic vesicles. During early cytokinesis localizes at the cleavage furrow membrane. Colocalizes with EXOC2 at the early midbody ring and persists there till maturation of the midbody.