Anti-TREX1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Three prime repair exonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TREX1 gene. This gene encodes a nuclear protein with 3' exonuclease activity. The encoded protein may play a role in DNA repair and serve as a proofreading function for DNA polymerase. It is also a component of the SET complex, and acts to rapidly degrade 3' ends of nicked DNA during granzyme A-mediated cell death. Mutations in this gene result in Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, chilblain lupus, Cree encephalitis, and other diseases of the immune system. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.

Major cellular 3'-to-5' DNA exonuclease which digests single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) with mismatched 3' termini. Prevents cell-intrinsic initiation of autoimmunity. Acts by metabolizing DNA fragments from endogenous retroelements, including L1, LTR and SINE elements. Unless degraded, these DNA fragments accumulate in the cytosol and activate the IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) response and innate immune signaling. Prevents chronic ATM-dependent checkpoint activation, by processing ssDNA polynucleotide species arising from the processing of aberrant DNA replication intermediates. Inefficiently degrades oxidized DNA, such as that generated upon antimicrobial reactive oxygen production or upon absorption of UV light. During GZMA-mediated cell death, contributes to DNA damage in concert with NME1. NME1 nicks one strand of DNA and TREX1 removes bases from the free 3' end to enhance DNA damage and prevent DNA end reannealing and rapid repair. .

1. Entrez Gene: TREX1 three prime repair exonuclease 1. 2. Mazur DJ, Perrino FW (Aug 1999) . Identification and expression of the TREX1 and TREX2 cDNA sequences encoding mammalian 3'-->5' exonucleases. J Biol Chem 274 (28) : 19655–60.

Nucleus. Cytoplasm, cytosol. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Peripheral membrane protein. Retained in the cytoplasm through the C-terminal region (By similarity) . In response to DNA damage, translocates to the nucleus where it is specifically recruited to replication foci. Translocation to the nucleus also occurs during GZMA-mediated cell death. .