Anti-Lipocalin 2/LCN2 Antibody Picoband®

Europhile gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LCN2 gene. The binding of lipocalin-2 to bacterial siderophores is important in the innate immune response to bacterial infection. Upon encountering invading bacteria the toll-like receptors on immune cells stimulate the synthesis and secretion of lipocalin-2. Secreted lipocalin-2 then limits bacterial growth by sequestering iron-containing siderophores. Lipocalin-2 also functions as a growth factor.

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; NGAL;25 kDa alpha-2-microglobulin-related subunit of MMP-9; Lipocalin-2; Oncogene 24p3; Siderocalin LCN2; p25; LCN2; HNL, NGAL

Expressed in bone marrow and in tissues that are prone to exposure to microorganism. High expression is found in bone marrow as well as in uterus, prostate, salivary gland, stomach, appendix, colon, trachea and lung. Not found in the small intestine or peripheral blood leukocytes. .

Iron-trafficking protein involved in multiple processes such as apoptosis, innate immunity and renal development. Binds iron through association with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5- DHBA), a siderophore that shares structural similarities with bacterial enterobactin, and delivers or removes iron from the cell, depending on the context. Iron-bound form (holo-24p3) is internalized following binding to the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor, leading to release of iron and subsequent increase of intracellular iron concentration. In contrast, association of the iron-free form (apo-24p3) with the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor is followed by association with an intracellular siderophore, iron chelation and iron transfer to the extracellular medium, thereby reducing intracellular iron concentration. Involved in apoptosis due to interleukin-3 (IL3) deprivation: iron-loaded form increases intracellular iron concentration without promoting apoptosis, while iron-free form decreases intracellular iron levels, inducing expression of the proapoptotic protein BCL2L11/BIM, resulting in apoptosis. Involved in innate immunity, possibly by sequestrating iron, leading to limit bacterial growth. .

1. Cowland JB, Borregaard N (October 1997) . Molecular characterization and pattern of tissue expression of the gene for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin from humans. Genomics 45 (1) : 17–23. 2. Chan P, Simon-Chazottes D, Mattei MG, Guenet JL, Salier JP (September 1994) . Comparative mapping of lipocalin genes in human and mouse: the four genes for complement C8 gamma chain, prostaglandin-D-synthase, oncogene-24p3, and progestagen-associated endometrial protein map to HSA9 and MMU2. Genomics 23 (1) : 145–50. 3. Flo TH, Smith KD, Sato S, Rodriguez DJ, Holmes MA, Strong RK, Akira S, Aderem A (December 2004) . Lipocalin 2 mediates an innate immune response to bacterial infection by sequestrating iron. Nature 432 (7019) : 917–21. 4. Kjeldsen L, Johnsen AH, Sengeløv H, Borregaard N (May 1993) . Isolation and primary structure of NGAL, a novel protein associated with human neutrophil gelatinase. J. Biol. Chem. 268 (14) : 10425–32. 5. Nelson AM, Zhao W, Gilliland KL, Zaenglein AL, Liu W, Thiboutot DM (April 2008) . 6. Schmidt-Ott KM, Mori K, Li JY, Kalandadze A, Cohen DJ, Devarajan P, Barasch J (February 2007) . Dual action of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 18 (2) : 407–13.

Store at -20°C for one year from date of receipt. After reconstitution, at 4°C for one month. It can also be aliquotted and stored frozen at -20°C for six months. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.