Anti-AIF/AIFM1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated
Product Specifications
Background
Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial, also known as AIF or PDCD8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIFM1 gene. AIFM1 gene is mapped to Xq26.1 based on an alignment of the AIFM1 sequence with the genomic sequence. This gene encodes a flavoprotein essential for nuclear disassembly in apoptotic cells, and it is found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space in healthy cells. Induction of apoptosis results in the translocation of this protein to the nucleus where it affects chromosome condensation and fragmentation. In addition, this gene product induces mitochondria to release the apoptogenic proteins cytochrome c and caspase-9. Mutations in this gene cause combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 6, which results in a severe mitochondrial encephalomyopathy. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 10.
Synonyms
Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial;1.1.1.-; Programmed cell death protein 8; AIFM1; AIF, PDCD8
Gene Name
AIFM1
Gene ID
9131
UniProt
O95831
Host
Rabbit
Reactivity
Human, Mouse, Rat
Cross Reactivity
No cross-reactivity with other proteins.
Immunogen
A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the C-terminus of human AIF, identical to the related mouse and rat sequences.
Clonality
Polyclonal
Tissue Specificity
Detected in muscle and skin fibroblasts (at protein level) . Isoform 5 is frequently down-regulated in human cancers. .
Applications
Flow Cytometry
Field of Research
Apoptosis, Cancer, Cell Biology, Cell Cycle, Cell Death, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Invasion/Microenvironment, Metabolism, Metabolism Processes, Nuclear, Nucleus, Oxidative Stress, Pathways and Processes, Redox Metabolism
Purification
Immunogen affinity purified.
Form
Liquid
Function
Functions both as NADH oxidoreductase and as regulator of apoptosis. In response to apoptotic stimuli, it is released from the mitochondrion intermembrane space into the cytosol and to the nucleus, where it functions as a proapoptotic factor in a caspase-independent pathway. In contrast, functions as an antiapoptotic factor in normal mitochondria via its NADH oxidoreductase activity. The soluble form (AIFsol) found in the nucleus induces 'parthanatos' i.e. caspase-independent fragmentation of chromosomal DNA. Interacts with EIF3G, and thereby inhibits the EIF3 machinery and protein synthesis, and activates casapse-7 to amplify apoptosis. Plays a critical role in caspase- independent, pyknotic cell death in hydrogen peroxide-exposed cells. Binds to DNA in a sequence-independent manner. .
References & Citations
1. Ghezzi, D., Sevrioukova, I., Invernizzi, F., Lamperti, C., Mora, M., D'Adamo, P., Novara, F., Zuffardi, O., Uziel, G., Zeviani, M. Severe X-linked mitochondrial encephalomyopathy associated with a mutation in apoptosis-inducing factor. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 86: 639-649, 2010. 2. Rinaldi, C., Grunseich, C., Sevrioukova, I. F., Schindler, A., Horkayne-Szakaly, I., Lamperti, C., Landoure, G., Kennerson, M. L., Burnett, B. G., Bonnemann, C., Biesecker, L. G., Ghezzi, D., Zeviani, M., Fischbeck, K. H. Cowchock syndrome is associated with a mutation in apoptosis-inducing factor. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 91: 1095-1102, 2012. 3. Yu, S.-W., Andrabi, S. A., Wang, H., Kim, N. S., Poirier, G. G., Dawson, T. M., Dawson, V. L. Apoptosis-inducing factor mediates poly (ADP-ribose) (PAR) polymer-induced cell death. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 103: 18314-18319, 2006.
Storage Conditions
At -20 ̊C for one year from date of receipt. Avoid repeated freezing and thawing. Protect from light.
Calculated Molecular Weight
66901 MW
Specificity
No cross reactivity with other proteins.
Applications Notes
6
Gene Name Synonym
Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial
Subcellular Location
Mitochondrion intermembrane space. Mitochondrion inner membrane. Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Proteolytic cleavage during or just after translocation into the mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) results in the formation of an inner-membrane-anchored mature form (AIFmit) . During apoptosis, further proteolytic processing leads to a mature form, which is confined to the mitochondrial IMS in a soluble form (AIFsol) . AIFsol is released to the cytoplasm in response to specific death signals, and translocated to the nucleus, where it induces nuclear apoptosis. Colocalizes with EIF3G in the nucleus and perinuclear region.
Sequence Similarities
Belongs to the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase family.
Protein Name
Apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial
Isotype
Rabbit IgG
Contents
Each vial contains 50% glycerol, 0.9% NaCl, 0.2% Na2HPO4, 0.02% NaN3.
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