Anti-MIF Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF or MMIF), also known as GIF, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIF gene. It is a cytokine released by T-lymphocytes, macrophages, and the pituitary gland that serves to integrate peripheral and central inflammatory responses. MIF gene has 3 exons separated by introns of only 189 and 95 bp, and covers less than 1 kb. The localization of the human gene for MIF is to chromosome 22q11.2. MIF plays a critical role in inflammatory diseases and atherogenesis. It is also involved in cell-mediated immunity and immunoregulation. MIF plays a role in the regulation of macrophage function in host defense through the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids.

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor; MIF;5.3.2.1; Glycosylation-inhibiting factor; GIF; L-dopachrome isomerase; L-dopachrome tautomerase;5.3.3.12; Phenylpyruvate tautomerase; MIF; GLIF, MMIF

E.coli-derived human MIF recombinant protein (Position: P2-A115) . Human MIF shares 89% and 90% amino acid (aa) sequence identity with mouse and rat MIF respectively.

Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense. Counteracts the anti- inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity. .

1. Bozza, M.; Kolakowski, L. F., Jr.; Jenkins, N. A.; Gilbert, D. J.; Copeland, N. G.; David, J. R.; Gerard, C. : Structural characterization and chromosomal location of the mouse macrophage migration inhibitory factor gene and pseudogenes. Genomics 27: 412-419, 1995 2. Budarf, M.; McDonald, T.; Sellinger, B.; Kozak, C.; Graham, C.; Wistow, G. : Localization of the human gene for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) to chromosome 22q11.2. Genomics 39: 235-236, 1997. 3. Takahashi K, Koga K, Linge HM, Zhang Y, Lin X, Metz CN et al. (2009) . Macrophage CD74 contributes to MIF-induced pulmonary inflammation. Respir. Res. 10 (1) : 33.

Secreted. Cytoplasm. Does not have a cleavable signal sequence and is secreted via a specialized, non- classical pathway. Secreted by macrophages upon stimulation by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or by M.tuberculosis antigens.