Anti-MSK1/RPS6KA5 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro488 Conjugated

Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5, also known as MSK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RPS6KA5 gene. It belongs to the AGC family of kinases. MSK1 gene is mapped to chromosome 14q31-q32. Northern blot analysis indicated that MSK1 was expressed as a 4-kb mRNA in all tissues tested, with the highest levels of expression in brain, muscle, and placenta. MSK1 was activated in vitro and in vivo by either ERK or SAPK2 proteins. It has been found that MSK1, rather than MAPKAP-K1 or MAPKAP-K2/K3, mediates activation of the cAMP response element-binding protein and activating transcription factor-1 by either growth factors or stress signals.

Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5; S6K-alpha-5;2.7.11.1;90 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase 5; Nuclear mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1; RSK-like protein kinase; RSKL; RPS6KA5; MSK1

Cell Biology, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, Pathways and Processes, Protein Phosphorylation, Receptor Tyrosine Kinases, Redox Metabolism, Ser/Thr Kinases, Signal Transduction, Transcription, Tyrosine Kinases

Serine/threonine-protein kinase that is required for the mitogen or stress-induced phosphorylation of the transcription factors CREB1 and ATF1 and for the regulation of the transcription factors RELA, STAT3 and ETV1/ER81, and that contributes to gene activation by histone phosphorylation and functions in the regulation of inflammatory genes. Phosphorylates CREB1 and ATF1 in response to mitogenic or stress stimuli such as UV-C irradiation, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and anisomycin. Plays an essential role in the control of RELA transcriptional activity in response to TNF and upon glucocorticoid, associates in the cytoplasm with the glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1 and contributes to RELA inhibition and repression of inflammatory gene expression. In skeletal myoblasts is required for phosphorylation of RELA at 'Ser-276' during oxidative stress. In erythropoietin-stimulated cells, is necessary for the 'Ser-727' phosphorylation of STAT3 and regulation of its transcriptional potential. Phosphorylates ETV1/ER81 at 'Ser-191' and 'Ser-216', and thereby regulates its ability to stimulate transcription, which may be important during development and breast tumor formation. ly represses transcription via phosphorylation of 'Ser-1' of histone H2A. Phosphorylates 'Ser-10' of histone H3 in response to mitogenics, stress stimuli and EGF, which results in the transcriptional activation of several immediate early genes, including proto- oncogenes c-fos/FOS and c-jun/JUN. May also phosphorylate 'Ser-28' of histone H3. Mediates the mitogen- and stress-induced phosphorylation of high mobility group protein 1 (HMGN1/HMG14) . In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated primary macrophages, acts downstream of the Toll-like receptor TLR4 to limit the production of pro- inflammatory cytokines. Functions probably by inducing transcription of the MAP kinase phosphatase DUSP1 and the anti- inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL10), via CREB1 and ATF1 transcription factors. Plays a role in neuronal cell death by mediating the downstream effects of excitotoxic injury. .

1. Deak, M., Clifton, A. D., Lucocq, J. M., Alessi, D. R. Mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1) is ly activated by MAPK and SAPK2/p38, and may mediate activation of CREB. EMBO J. 17: 4426-4441, 1998. 2. Jiang, C., Yu, L., Tu, Q., Zhao, Y., Zhang, H., Zhao, S. Assignment of a member of the ribosomal protein S6 kinase family, RPS6KA5, to human chromosome 14q31-q32.1 by radiation hybrid mapping. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 87: 261-261, 1999.