Anti-Estrogen Receptor/ESR1 Antibody Picoband® Fluoro647 Conjugated

Estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α), also known as NR3A1, is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor that is activated by the sex hormone estrogen. Estrogen receptors are involved in pathological processes including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis. In humans, ER-α is encoded by the gene ESR1 (Estrogen Receptor 1) . It is mapped to 6q25.1. This gene is a ligand-activated transcription factor composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. The protein localizes to the nucleus where it may form a homodimer or a heterodimer with estrogen receptor 2. Estrogen and its receptors are essential for sexual development and reproductive function, it also play a role in other tissues such as bone.

E.coli-derived human Estrogen Receptor recombinant protein (Position: F425-V595) . Human Estrogen Receptor shares 89% and 88% amino acid (aa) sequences identity with mouse and rat Estrogen Receptor, respectively.

Cancer,2339, Endocrine System, Epigenetics and Nuclear Signaling, Neuroscience, Nuclear Hormone Receptors, Nuclear Receptors, Nuclear Signaling, Nuclear Signaling Pathways, Signal Transduction, Signaling Pathway

Nuclear hormone receptor. The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues. Ligand-dependent nuclear transactivation involves either homodimer binding to a palindromic estrogen response element (ERE) sequence or association with other DNA- binding transcription factors, such as AP-1/c-Jun, c-Fos, ATF-2, Sp1 and Sp3, to mediate ERE-independent signaling. Ligand binding induces a conformational change allowing subsequent or combinatorial association with multiprotein coactivator complexes through LXXLL motifs of their respective components. Mutual transrepression occurs between the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF- kappa-B in a cell-type specific manner. Decreases NF-kappa-B DNA- binding activity and inhibits NF-kappa-B-mediated transcription from the IL6 promoter and displace RELA/p65 and associated coregulators from the promoter. Recruited to the NF-kappa-B response element of the CCL2 and IL8 promoters and can displace CREBBP. Present with NF-kappa-B components RELA/p65 and NFKB1/p50 on ERE sequences. Can also act synergistically with NF-kappa-B to activate transcription involving respective recruitment adjacent response elements; the function involves CREBBP. Can activate the transcriptional activity of TFF1. Also mediates membrane-initiated estrogen signaling involving various kinase cascades. Isoform 3 is involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production. Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full length receptor. Essential for MTA1-mediated transcriptional regulation of BRCA1 and BCAS3. Isoform 3 can bind to ERE and inhibit isoform 1. .

1. Entrez Gene: ESR1 estrogen receptor 1 2. Walter P, Green S, Greene G, Krust A, Bornert JM, Jeltsch JM, Staub A, Jensen E, Scrace G, Waterfield M (December 1985) . Cloning of the human estrogen receptor cDNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82 (23) : 7889–93. 3. Greene GL, Gilna P, Waterfield M, Baker A, Hort Y, Shine J (March 1986) . Sequence and expression of human estrogen receptor complementary DNA. Science 231 (4742) : 1150–4.

Isoform 1: Nucleus . Cytoplasm . Cell membrane ; Peripheral membrane protein ; Cytoplasmic side . A minor fraction is associated with the inner membrane.