Trimethylamine N-oxide (dihydrate) (Standard)

Trimethylamine N-oxide (dihydrate) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Trimethylamine N-oxide (dihydrate) . This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate is a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients. Trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate induces inflammation by activating the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome. Trimethylamine N-oxide dihydrate also accelerates fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and induces cardiac fibrosis by activating the TGF-β/smad2 signaling pathway[1][2][3].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[62637-93-8]

UNSPSC

12352100

Target

Endogenous Metabolite; NOD-like Receptor (NLR) ; Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ; Reference Standards; TGF-beta/Smad

Related Pathways

Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; NF-κB; Others; Stem Cell/Wnt; TGF-beta/Smad

Field of Research

Metabolic Disease; Inflammation/Immunology; Cardiovascular Disease

Smiles

C[N+](C)([O-])C.[2H2O]

Molecular Formula

C3H13NO3

Molecular Weight

111.14

References & Citations

[1]Wei Shuai, et al. High-choline Diet Exacerbates Cardiac Dysfunction, Fibrosis, and Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Card Fail. 2020 May 14; S1071-9164 (19) 31802-0.|[2]Wenlong Yang, et al. Gut Microbe-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-oxide Accelerates Fibroblast-Myofibroblast Differentiation and Induces Cardiac Fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2019 Sep;134:119-130.|[3]Manuel T Velasquez, et al. Trimethylamine N-Oxide: The Good, the Bad and the Unknown. Toxins (Basel) . 2016 Nov 8;8 (11) :326.|[4]Videja M, et al. Data on cardiac and vascular functionality in ex vivo and in vivo models following acute administration of trimethylamine N-oxide. Data Brief. 2023 Jan 11;46:108890.|[5]Li Z, et al. Gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide induces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Lab Invest. 2019 Mar;99 (3) :346-357.