Harzianopyridone

Harzianopyridone is an atpenin-like compound that functions as an inhibitor of mammalian and nematode mitochondrial complex II, also known as succinate:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (SQR), demonstrating IC50 values of 0.017, 0.2, and 2 ?M against bovine, rat, and nematode complex II, respectively. Additionally, it inhibits nematode quinol-fumarate reductase (QFR) with an IC50 value of 0.36 ?M. Significantly selective for complex II over complexes I and III in rats and cattle, as well as complex I in nematodes, with IC50 values exceeding 100 ?M, it exhibits notable antibacterial and antifungal properties, with EC50 values of 35.9, 42.2, 60.4, and 50.2 ?g/ml against R. solani, S. rolfsii, M. phaseolina, and F. oxysporum, respectively.