Thiamine triphosphoric acid ester

Thiamine triphosphoric acid ester (TTP) is a neuroactive compound that serves as a triphosphate derivative of the vitamin thiamine. TTP is found in microorganisms, animal organs, and plants. In Escherichia coli, it is produced transiently in response to amino acid deficiency, while in mammalian cells, TTP is synthesized at a low, sustained rate. It can be synthesized by two distinct enzymes: AK1 in the cytoplasm and FoF1-ATP synthase in brain mitochondria. TTP plays an essential role in cellular metabolism or signal transduction.