3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid

3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is an intermediate in the metabolic pathways of L-valine and thymine, and can be found in urine. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid is a secreted mediator of endothelial cell fatty acid transport and insulin resistance. 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid can also inhibit key enzymes of energy metabolism in the cerebral cortex of young rats. The levels of 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid are closely related to various diseases such as 3-hydroxyisobutyric aciduria, diabetes, and ketoacidosis[1][2][3][4].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[2068-83-9]

Product Name Alternative

BMS-387032

UNSPSC

12352211

Hazard Statement

H302, H315, H319, H335

Target

ATP Synthase; Endogenous Metabolite

Type

Natural Products

Related Pathways

Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease

Field of Research

Metabolic Disease; Neurological Disease

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/_S_-3-Hydroxyisobutyric_acid.html

Purity

93.0

Solubility

DMSO : 200 mg/mL

Smiles

O=C(O)C(C)CO

Molecular Formula

C4H8O3

Molecular Weight

104.10

Precautions

H302, H315, H319, H335

References & Citations

[1]Podebrad F, et al. Stereodifferentiation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric- and 3-aminoisobutyric acid in human urine by enantioselective multidimensional capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Clin Chim Acta. 2000 Feb 25;292 (1-2) :93-105.|[2]Viegas CM, et al. Evidence that 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid inhibits key enzymes of energy metabolism in cerebral cortex of young rats. Int J Dev Neurosci. 2008 May-Jun;26 (3-4) :293-9.|[3]Mardinoglu A, et al. Elevated Plasma Levels of 3-Hydroxyisobutyric Acid Are Associated With Incident Type 2 Diabetes. EBioMedicine. 2018 Jan;27:151-155.|[4]Landaas S. Accumulation of 3-hydroxyisobutyric acid, 2-methyl-3-hydroxybutyric acid and 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in ketoacidosis. Clin Chim Acta. 1975 Oct 15;64 (2) :143-54.