Interferon gamma receptor 1 Antibody / Ifngr1

Interferon gamma receptor 1 (IFNGR1) also known as CD119 (Cluster of Differentiation 119), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IFNGR1 gene. IFN-gamma plays key roles in both the innate and adaptive immune response. IFN-gamma activates the cytotoxic activity of innate immune cells, such as macrophages and NK cells. IFN-gamma production by NK cells and antigen presenting cells (APCs) promotes cell-mediated adaptive immunity by inducing IFN-gamma production by T lymphocytes, increasing class I and class II MHC expression, and enhancing peptide antigen presentation. Due to differences in the degree of glycosylation, there are 3 forms of IFN-gamma, with approximate molecular weights of 25, 20, and 15.5 kDa by SDS-PAGE. The anti-viral activity of IFN-gamma is due to its induction of PKR and other regulatory proteins. Binding of IFN-gamma to the IFNGR1/IFNGR2 complex promotes dimerization of the receptor complexes to form the (IFNGR1/IFNGR2) 2 -IFN-gamma dimer. Binding induces a conformational change in receptor intracellular domains and signaling involves Jak1, Jak2, and Stat1. The critical role of IFN-gamma in amplification of immune surveillance and function is supported by increased susceptibility to pathogen infection by IFN-gamma or IFNGR knockout mice and in humans with inactivating mutations in IFNGR1 or IFNGR2. IFN-gamma also appears to have a role in atherosclerosis.