Insulin Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody

After removal of the precursor signal peptide, proinsulin is post-translationally cleaved into three peptides: the B chain and A chain peptides, which are covalently linked via two disulfide bonds to form insulin, and C-peptide. Binding of insulin to the insulin receptor (INSR) stimulates glucose uptake. A multitude of mutant alleles with phenotypic effects have been identified. There is a read-through gene, INS-IGF2, which overlaps with this gene at the 5' region and with the IGF2 gene at the 3' region. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010], disease:Defects in INS are the cause of familial hyperproinsulinemia [MIM:176730]., function:Insulin decreases blood glucose concentration. It increases cell permeability to monosaccharides, amino acids and fatty acids. It accelerates glycolysis, the pentose phosphate cycle, and glycogen synthesis in liver., function:Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3., function:The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. In vitro, they are potent mitogens for cultured cells. IGF-II is influenced by placental lactogen and may play a role in fetal development., mass spectrometry: PubMed:12586351; PubMed:15359740, online information:Clinical information on Eli Lilly insulin products, online information:Insulin entry, online information:Insulin-like growth factor 2 entry, online information:Protein of the 20th century - Issue 9 of April 2001, pharmaceutical:Available under the names Humulin or Humalog (Eli Lilly) and Novolin (Novo Nordisk) . Used in the treatment of diabetes. Humalog is an insulin analog with 52-Lys-Pro-53 instead of 52-Pro-Lys-53., similarity:Belongs to the insulin family., subunit:Heterodimer of a B chain and an A chain linked by two disulfide bonds.

Oocyte meiosis; Regulation of autophagy; mTOR; Regulates Actin and Cytoskeleton; Insulin_Receptor; Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation; Type II diabetes mellitus; Type I diabetes mellitus; Maturity onset diabetes of the young; Aldosterone-regulated sodium reabsorption; Prostate cancer