PE (18:1 (9Z) /0:0)

PE (18:1 (9Z) /0:0) is a naturally-occurring lysophospholipid and an analog of plasmalogen lysophosphatidylethanolamine. PE (18:1 (9Z) /0:0) induces transient increases in intracellular calcium in PC12 rat neuronal cells in a concentration-dependent manner. PE (18:1 (9Z) /0:0) increases the production of IL-4 and IL-2, but not IFN-γ. In mouse serum, PE (18:1 (9Z) /0:0) (1 μg/animal) induces the T helper 2 response. PE (18:1 (9Z) /0:0) levels increase in interscapular brown adipose tissue in mice following three-day cold exposure.