Glucosamine (hydrochloride)

Glucosamine hydrochloride (D-Glucosamine hydrochloride) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids, is used as a dietary supplement. Glucosamine hydrochloride also is a natural constituent of glycosaminoglycans in the cartilage matrix and synovial fluid, which when administered exogenously, exerts pharmacological effects on osteoarthritic cartilage and chondrocytes[1].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[66-84-2]

Product Name Alternative

D- (+) -Glucosamine hydrochloride; Chitosamine hydrochloride

UNSPSC

12352211

Hazard Statement

H302, H315, H319, H335

Target

Autophagy; Endogenous Metabolite; HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase; Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)

Type

Natural Products

Related Pathways

Autophagy; Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; NF-κB

Applications

COVID-19-immunoregulation

Field of Research

Inflammation/Immunology; Cancer

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/Glucosamine-hydrochloride.html

Concentration

10mM

Purity

98.0

Solubility

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic) |H2O : 50 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

O=C[C@H](N)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](CO)O)O)O.Cl

Molecular Formula

C6H14ClNO5

Molecular Weight

215.63

Precautions

H302, H315, H319, H335

References & Citations

[1]Jamialahmadi K, et al. Protective effects of glucosamine hydrochloride against free radical-induced erythrocytes damage. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2014 Jul;38 (1) :212-9.|[2]Jo JR, et al. Short-term treatment with glucosamine hydrochloride specifically downregulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1α at the protein level in YD-8 human tongue cancer cells. Int J Oncol. 2014 May;44 (5) :1699-706.|[3]Park J, et al. Glucosamine hydrochloride exerts a protective effect against unilateral ureteral obstruction-induced renal fibrosis by attenuating TGF-β signaling. J Mol Med (Berl) . 2013 Nov;91 (11) :1273-84.|[4]Bruyère O, et al. Efficacy and safety of glucosamine sulfate in the management of osteoarthritis: Evidence from real-life setting trials and surveys. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016 Feb;45 (4 Suppl) :S12-7.

Shipping Conditions

Room Temperature

Storage Conditions

4°C (Powder, sealed storage, away from moisture)

Scientific Category

Natural Products

Clinical Information

Launched

Isoform

Human Endogenous Metabolite; Microbial Metabolite

Citation 01

Diabet Metab Synd Ob. 2025 Jul 28.|Laurea Magistrale in Biomedical Engineering, Politecnico di Milano. 2019 Jun.|Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2025 Jun 1;328 (6) :G746-G759.|Biocell. 2025 Sep 25;49 (9) :1711-1731.|Cell Rep. 2025 Sep 10;44 (9) :116249.|Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 Oct 18;143 (Pt 2) :113427.|Microbiome. 2019 Mar 20;7 (1) :43. |Mil Med Res. 2025 Jul 28;12 (1) :39.|Nature. 2025 Jul;643 (8070) :192-200.|Theranostics. 2021 Mar 24;11 (12) :5650-5674.