TNF-α (Variant), Human

GoldBio growth factors are manufactured for RESEARCH USE ONLY and cannot be sold for human consumption!Recombinant Human Tumor Necrosis FactorTNF-α, TNF-alphaCachectin, CachexinTumor necrosis factor (or TNF-α), also called cachectin, is produced by neutrophils, activated lymphocytes, macrophages, NK-cells, LAK-cells, astrocyte endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells and some transformed cells. TNF occurs as a secreted, soluble form and as a membrane-anchored form, both of which are biologically active. The naturally occurring form of TNF is glycosylated, but nonglycosylated recombinant TNF has comparable biological activity. The biologically active native form of TNF is reportedly a trimer. Human and murine TNF has approximately 79% homology at the amino acid level and there is cross-reactivity between the two species. Two types of receptors for TNF, p55 and p75, have been described and virtually all cell types studied show the presence of one or both of these receptor types.The clinical use of the potent antitumor activity of TNF has been limited by the pro-inflammatory side effects including fever, dose-limiting hypotension, hepatotoxicity, intravascular thrombosis and hemorrhage. Designing clinically applicable TNF mutants with low systemic toxicity has been an intense pharmacological interest. Human TNF variants, which bind to the murine TNF-R55 but not to the murine TNF-R75, exhibit retained anti-tumor activity and reduced systemic toxicity in mice compared with murine TNF, which binds to both murine TNF receptors. Based on these results, many TNF mutants that selectively bind to TNF-R55 have been designed. These mutants displayed cytotoxic activities on tumor cell linesin vitro, and exhibited lower systemic toxicityin vivo.Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder. Purified and tested for use in cell culture.Source:Escherichia coliMW: ~16.9 kDa (151 amino acid) (Compared with the wild-type, rHuTNF-α Variant has an amino acid sequence deletion from a.a. 1-7, and the following a.a. substitutes Arg8, Lys9, Arg10 and Phe157.) Purity: >98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses