DEFB103A, Human

GoldBio growth factors are manufactured for RESEARCH USE ONLY and cannot be sold for human consumption!Recombinant HumanDefensin, Beta 103ADefensin, Beta 3, DEFB3, HBD-3Human beta-defensin 103A (DEFB103A) is an antimicrobial peptide that contributes to the innate and adaptive immune systems and is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Like the other β-defensins, DEFB103A is a small protein that contains a motif consisting of six cysteine residues which form three intramolecular disulfide bridges. It is expressed in epithelial tissue of many organs, heart and skeletal muscle tissue, and leukocytes. Expression of DEFB103A is induced by proinflammatory cytokines such as IL1B and IFNG. DEFB103A is a cationic peptide and interacts with the membranes of invading microbes, which are negatively charged due to the presence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA) . LTA and LPS have higher affinity for DEFB103A than for Ca+2and Mg+2ions. The larger defensin molecule displaces the smaller ion, changing the membrane structure and affecting the stability of the membrane; this can lead to the formation of pores and subsequent depolarization or lysis. DEFB103A has been shown to have a greater positive surface charge than DEFB1 or DEFB4A, giving it greater antimicrobial activity. Inhibition of DEFB103A by high salt concentration may play a role in the pathogenesis of cystic fibrosis.Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder. Purified and tested for use in cell culture.Source:Escherichia coliMW: ~5.2 kDa (45 amino acids) Purity: >98% by SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses.Biological Activity: Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The ED50as determined by anti-microbial activity againstE. coliis less than 30 μg/ml, corresponding to a specific activity of >33.3 IU/mg