CREB (phospho Ser133) Antibody

It is well known that the control of gene expression involves activation of protein kinase cascades that regulate transcription factors within the nucleus (Karin and Hunter, 1995) . The cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) is one of the best characterized stimulus-induced transcription factors (Montminy, 1997) . This transcription factor is a component of intracellular signaling events that regulate a wide range of biological functions, from spermatogenesis to circadian rhythms and memory (Shaywitz and Greenberg, 1999; Silva et al., 1998) . A variety of protein kinases including protein kinase A (PKA), mitogenactivated protein kinases (MAPKs), and Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases (CaMKs) phosphorylate CREB at serine 133 (Ser133), and phosphorylation of Ser133 are required for CREB-mediated transcription (Johannessen et al., 2004; Kornhauser et al., 2002) .

The antibody has been directly tested for reactivity in Western blots with rat tissue. It is anticipated that the antibody will also react with bovine, canine, chicken, human, mouse, non-human primate, rat, sheep, Xenopus and zebra fish based on the fact that these species have 100% homology with the amino acid sequence used as antigen.

Karin M, Hunter T (1995) Transcriptional control by protein phosphorylation: Signal transmission from the cell surface to the nucleus. Curr Biol 5:747-757.

Kornhauser JM, Cowan CW, Shaywitz AJ, Dolmetsch RE, Griffith EC, Hu LS, Haddad C, Xia ZG, Greenberg ME (2002) CREB transcriptional activity in neurons is regulated by multiple, calcium-specific phosphorylation events. Neuron 34:221-233.