Enzalutamide

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer found in men in the western world. The disease is characterized by several stages, with androgen and AR (androgen receptor) being crucial for tumor growth. Binding of androgen to AR results in transcription of several genes involved in cell proliferation and survival. ADT (androgen deprivation therapy) has the goal of reducing the levels of androgen available by surgery or chemical castration. The use of competitive inhibitors, called antiandrogens, is one of the options. Enzalutamide is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen that inhibits the binding of androgen to AR, AR translocation to the nucleus and binding to DNA. This drug has been approved in 2012 for the treatment of mCRPC (metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.