Tartrazine

Tartrazine (Acid Yellow 23; FD&C Yellow No. 5) is an orally active azo acid dye, orange-yellow powder, soluble in water and turns yellow. Tartrazine is mainly used as a synthetic lemon yellow azo dye for food coloring. Tartrazine is the most stable colorant.Tartrazine induces mitochondria-mediated Apoptosis. Tartrazine can cause neurodevelopmental toxicity, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[1934-21-0]

Product Name Alternative

Acid Yellow 23; FD&C Yellow No. 5

UNSPSC

12171500

Hazard Statement

H317, H334

Target

Apoptosis; Fluorescent Dye; Mitochondrial Metabolism

Type

Dye Reagents

Related Pathways

Apoptosis; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; Others

Field of Research

Neurological Disease; Cardiovascular Disease

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/Tartrazine.html

Concentration

10mM

Purity

99.85

Solubility

DMSO : 35 mg/mL (ultrasonic; warming; heat to 60°C) |H2O : 50 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

O=C(C(C1N=NC2=CC=C(S(=O)(O[Na])=O)C=C2)=NN(C3=CC=C(S(=O)(O[Na])=O)C=C3)C1=O)O[Na]

Molecular Formula

C16H9N4Na3O9S2

Molecular Weight

534.36

Precautions

H317, H334

References & Citations

[1]Dos Santos JR, et al. Cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of the food additive tartrazine on eukaryotic cells. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2022 Dec 23;23 (1) :95.|[2]Khayyat L, et al. Tartrazine induces structural and functional aberrations and genotoxic effects in vivo. PeerJ. 2017 Feb 23;5:e3041.|[3]Patterson RM, et al. Tartrazine-induced chromosomal aberrations in mammalian cells. Food Chem Toxicol. 1982 Aug;20 (4) :461-5.|[4]Atlı Şekeroğlu Z, et al. Effects of tartrazine on proliferation and genetic damage in human lymphocytes. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2017 Jun;27 (5) :370-375.|[5]Demirkol O, et al. Oxidative effects of Tartrazine (CAS No. 1934-21-0) and New Coccin (CAS No. 2611-82-7) azo dyes on CHO cells. Journal für Verbraucherschutz und Lebensmittelsicherheit, 2012, 7: 229-236.|[6]Visweswaran B, et al. Oxidative stress by tartrazine in the testis of Wistar rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2012, 2 (3) : 44-49. |[7]Ali F A, et al. Toxicological and histopathological studies on the effect of tartrazine in male albino rats. International Journal of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2016, 10 (8) : 527-532. |[8]Thanh DD, et al. The food dye Tartrazine disrupts vascular formation both in zebrafish larvae and in human primary endothelial cells. Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 5;14 (1) :30367.|[9]Soares BM, et al. Effects on DNA repair in human lymphocytes exposed to the food dye tartrazine yellow. Anticancer Res. 2015 Mar;35 (3) :1465-74.|[10]Haridevamuthu B, Murugan R, Seenivasan B, Meenatchi R, Pachaiappan R, Almutairi BO, Arokiyaraj S, M K K, et al. Synthetic azo-dye, Tartrazine induces neurodevelopmental toxicity via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in zebrafish embryos. J Hazard Mater. 2024 Jan 5;461:132524.|[11]Gao Y, et al. Effect of food azo dye tartrazine on learning and memory functions in mice and rats, and the possible mechanisms involved. J Food Sci. 2011 Aug;76 (6) :T125-9.