Chlorhexidine

Chlorhexidine is a orally active cationic antimicrobial agent that targets microbial cell membranes. Chlorhexidine binds to cell membrane phospholipids non-specifically, destroys membrane structure and induces leakage of cell contents. Chlorhexidine has broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Chlorhexidine can interfere with membrane permeability, cause protein precipitation and energy metabolism disorders, such as rapid inhibition of microbial growth and induction of cell death (necrosis or apoptosis) [1][2][3].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[55-56-1]

UNSPSC

12352005

Hazard Statement

H315, H319, H334, H335, H410

Target

Antibiotic; Apoptosis; Bacterial; Necroptosis

Type

Reference compound

Related Pathways

Anti-infection; Apoptosis

Applications

COVID-19-immunoregulation

Field of Research

Infection

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/Chlorhexidine.html

Purity

99.60

Solubility

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

N=C(NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1)NC(NCCCCCCNC(NC(NC2=CC=C(Cl)C=C2)=N)=N)=N

Molecular Formula

C22H30Cl2N10

Molecular Weight

505.45

Precautions

H315, H319, H334, H335, H410

References & Citations

[1]Faria G, et al. Evaluation of chlorhexidine toxicity injected in the paw of mice and added to cultured l929 fibroblasts. J Endod. 2007 Jun;33 (6) :715-22.|[2]Sanchez IR, et al. Chlorhexidine diacetate and povidone-iodine cytotoxicity to canine embryonic fibroblasts and Staphylococcus aureus. Vet Surg. 1988;17 (4) :182-185.|[3]Zhang J, et al. Pulmonary Toxicity Assessment after a Single Intratracheal Inhalation of Chlorhexidine Aerosol in Mice. Toxics. 2023 Nov 7;11 (11) :910.|[4]Ribeiro DA, et al. Chlorhexidine induces DNA damage in rat peripheral leukocytes and oral mucosal cells. J Periodontal Res. 2004 Oct;39 (5) :358-61.