AM1-44 Nerve Terminal Dye

Nerve terminal dyes have highly hydrophilic, cationically charged head groups at one end with lipophilic tails at the other end. They are virtually non-fluorescent in aqueous solution, but become intensely fluorescent in membranes. Following nerve stimulation, the dye molecules are internalized in newly formed endocytic vesicles. During exocytosis, the dyes are released from the vesicles along with neurotransmitters, causing a decrease in fluorescence signal. As a result, the change in fluorescent intensity reflects the amount of endocytosis/exocytosis or synaptic activity. AM1-44 is a version of AM1-43 with improved fixability. The dye can also be used as a general probe for following endocytosis. AM1-44 probe functions similarly as AM1-43, except that AM1-44 has lipophilic tails that are each one carbon longer than those of AM1-43, resulting in better fixability.

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