Alizarin

Alizarin is a natural dye. Alizarin can be extracted from the roots of madder plant. Alizarin activates AMPK and VEGFR2/eNOS pathway. Alizarin regulates PI3K/Akt and inhibits NF-κB pathway. Alizarin enhances CYP1A1 enzyme activity. Alizarin has protective effects on hypertension and vascular endothelial dysfunction. Alizarin has anti-tumor activity against multiple cancers including pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, osteosarcoma and liver cancer. Alizarin has been widely used as a pigment in textile fabrics and paintings[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[72-48-0]

UNSPSC

12171500

Hazard Statement

H317, H318, H410

Target

Akt; AMPK; Cytochrome P450; NF-κB; PI3K; VEGFR

Type

Dye Reagents

Related Pathways

Epigenetics; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; NF-κB; PI3K/Akt/mTOR; Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK

Field of Research

Cancer; Cardiovascular Disease

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/alizarin.html

Purity

99.48

Solubility

DMSO : 25 mg/mL (ultrasonic) |H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

O=C1C2=C(C=CC=C2)C(C3=CC=C(O)C(O)=C13)=O

Molecular Formula

C14H8O4

Molecular Weight

240.21

Precautions

H317, H318, H410

References & Citations

[1]Jen M, et al. Ultrafast Intramolecular Proton Transfer of Alizarin Investigated by Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B. 2017 Apr 27;121 (16) :4129-4136.|[2]Xu Z, et al. Alizarin, a nature compound, inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer cells by abrogating NF-κB activation. Int J Biol Sci. 2022 Mar 28;18 (7) :2759-2774.|[3]Liang S, et al. Alizarin, an Agonist of AHR Receptor, Enhances CYP1A1 Enzyme Activity and Induces Transcriptional Changes in Hepatoma Cells. Molecules. 2023 Oct 31;28 (21) :7373.|[4]Fotia C, et al. The natural compound Alizarin as an osteotropic drug for the treatment of bone tumors. J Orthop Res. 2012 Sep;30 (9) :1486-92.|[5]Xu L, et al. Alizarin increase glucose uptake through PI3K/Akt signaling and improve alloxan-induced diabetic mice. Future Med Chem. 2019 Mar;11 (5) :395-406.|[6]Qian YW, et al. The antihypertensive effect of Alizarin is achieved by activating VEGFR2/eNOS pathway, attenuating oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial damage and premature senescence. Life Sci. 2024 Aug 15;351:122862.|[7]Zhu ML, et al. Protective effect of alizarin on vascular endothelial dysfunction via inhibiting the type 2 diabetes-induced synthesis of THBS1 and activating the AMPK signaling pathway. Phytomedicine. 2024 Jun;128:155557.