Trimethylamine N-oxide

Trimethylamine N-oxide is a gut microbe-dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients. Trimethylamine N-oxide induces inflammation by activating the ROS/NLRP3 inflammasome. Trimethylamine N-oxide also accelerates fibroblast-myofibroblast differentiation and induces cardiac fibrosis by activating the TGF-β/smad2 signaling pathway[1][2][3].

Product Specifications

CAS Number

[1184-78-7]

UNSPSC

12352211

Hazard Statement

H302+H332

Target

Drug Metabolite; Endogenous Metabolite; NOD-like Receptor (NLR) ; Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) ; TGF-beta/Smad

Type

Natural Products

Related Pathways

Immunology/Inflammation; Metabolic Enzyme/Protease; NF-κB; Stem Cell/Wnt; TGF-beta/Smad

Applications

COVID-19-immunoregulation

Field of Research

Inflammation/Immunology; Cardiovascular Disease

Assay Protocol

https://www.medchemexpress.com/trimethylamine-n-oxide.html

Purity

98.0

Solubility

DMSO : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic) |H2O : 100 mg/mL (ultrasonic)

Smiles

CN(C)(C)=O

Molecular Formula

C3H9NO

Molecular Weight

75.11

Precautions

H302+H332

References & Citations

[1]Wei Shuai, et al. High-choline Diet Exacerbates Cardiac Dysfunction, Fibrosis, and Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Card Fail. 2020 May 14; S1071-9164 (19) 31802-0.|[2]Wenlong Yang, et al. Gut Microbe-Derived Metabolite Trimethylamine N-oxide Accelerates Fibroblast-Myofibroblast Differentiation and Induces Cardiac Fibrosis. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 2019 Sep;134:119-130.|[3]Manuel T Velasquez, et al. Trimethylamine N-Oxide: The Good, the Bad and the Unknown. Toxins (Basel) . 2016 Nov 8;8 (11) :326.